2016 BMW 3 SERIES - WBA8E1C57GK479689 - BADVIN Report

A TPMS is an electronic system designed to monitor the air pressure inside the pneumatic tires on various types of vehicles. TPMS can be divided into two different types - direct and indirect. Direct TPMS employ pressure sensors on each wheel, either internal or external. The sensors physically measure the tire pressure in each tire and report it to the vehicle's instrument cluster or a corresponding monitor. Indirect TPMS does not use physical pressure sensors but measure air pressures by monitoring individual wheel rotational speeds and other signals available outside of the tire itself.

Engine displacement (in cubic centimeters) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.

Engine displacement (in cubic inches) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.

Engine displacement (in liters) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.

Electrification level defines to what level the vehicle is powered by electric system. The common electric system configurations are mild hybrid, strong hybrid, plug-in hybrid, battery electric, and fuel cell vehicles.

(1) Mild hybrid is the system such as 12-volt start-stop or 48-volt belt integrator starter generator (BISG) system that uses an electric motor to add assisting power to the internal combustion engine. The system has features such as stop-start, power assist, and mild level of generative braking features.

(2) Strong hybrid systems, in vehicles such as the Toyota Prius, mainly consist of motors, conventional gasoline engine, and battery, but the source of electrical charge for the battery power is provided by the conventional engine and/or regenerative braking.

(3) Plug-in hybrid systems, in vehicles such as the Toyota Rav4 Prime, mainly consist of motors, conventional gasoline engine and battery. Plug-in hybrid vehicles are like strong hybrids, but they have a larger battery pack and can be charged with an external source of electricity by electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE).

(4) Battery electric vehicles (BEV), such as the Tesla Model S or Nissan Leaf, have only a battery and electrical motor components and use electricity as the only power source.

(5) Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) use full electric drive platforms but consume electricity generated by onboard fuel cells and hydrogen fuel.

Engine brake is the horsepower (hp) at the engine output shaft. Engine Brake (hp) From is the lower value of the range.

This is a numerical field to store the number of cylinders in an engine. Common values for passenger cars are 4 or 6.

Fuel type defines the fuel used to power the vehicle. For vehicles that have two power sources, such as plug-in hybrid vehicle, both primary fuel type and secondary fuel type will be provided.

Body Class presents the body type based on 49 CFR 565.12(b): "Body type means the general configuration or shape of a vehicle distinguished by such characteristics as the number of doors or windows, cargo-carrying features and the roofline (e.g., sedan, fastback, hatchback)." Definitions are not provided for individual body types in the regulation.

This is a numerical field to store the number of doors on a vehicle.

Per 49 CFR 565, Make is a name that a manufacturer applies to a group of vehicles or engines.

Per 49 CFR 565, Model means a name that a manufacturer applies to a family of vehicles of the same type, make, line, series and body type.

If the model year (MY) is supplied when the VIN is decoded, such as from a crash report or a vehicle registration record, the MY value will be the supplied MY, even if the MY decoded from the VIN differs from the supplied MY. If the MY is not supplied when the VIN is decoded, the MY value will be decoded from the 10th character in the VIN.

This data element captures the city of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.

This data element captures the country of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.

Per 49 CFR 565, Series means a name that a manufacturer applies to a subdivision of a "line" denoting price, size or weight identification and that is used by the manufacturer for marketing purposes.

This field defines the type of the vehicle based on the World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI).

An internal NHTSA field to capture the body type of the vehicle.

An internal NHTSA field to capture the Make of the vehicle.

An internal NHTSA field to capture the Model of the vehicle.

Other Restraint Info field is used to code additional information about restraint system that cannot be coded in any other restraint fields.

This yes/no field captures whether or not the vehicle has a pretensioner, a device designed to make seatbelts even more effective by removing the slack from a seatbelt as soon as a crash is detected or if the system senses excessive seatbelt tension on the driver's or passenger's seatbelt.

This field describes the type of seat belt, such as manual or automatic. Automatic seat belts automatically close over riders in a vehicle. Automatic seat belts were mainly used in some older model GM, Nissan, and Honda vehicles and are rarely seen now.

This field captures the location of curtain air bags. Curtain air bags are side air bags that protect the head.

This field captures the location of frontal air bags. Frontal air bags are generally designed to deploy in "moderate to severe" frontal or near-frontal crashes.

This field captures the location of knee air bags, which deploy from a car's lower dashboard, are meant to distribute impact forces on an occupant's legs in the case of a crash, thereby reducing leg injuries.

This field captures the location of side air bags, typically designed for three areas of added protection: chest/torso, head, or both.