💸 Do you have examples of bad vehicles?
- This $31,000 Porsche Panamera Scam Was Drowned And Rolled BackDoes the water actually smell? Another example of a really bad deal.
- 2016 BMW i8 For $35,000: Scam or Score?This luxury BMW has changed not only its color but also odometer value.
- This Nissan Armada Just Keeps Getting Younger...Or Does It?Bought wrecked for $725 with 202k miles, on salvage auction again with 150k miles.
- Title Washing Maserati MoneypitSalvage Grand Turismo with odometer rolled back several times within a few years.
- 2014 JEEP WRANGLERSalvage title with blown airbags. Fully fixed with suspicious odometer.
- 2005 TOYOTA TACOMABought for $4k with 279k miles, cleaned, and on sale for $7k with 96k miles.
- 2005 DODGE MAGNUMTwo salvage auctions within a year. Odometer changed from 232k mi to 118k mi.
- 2005 BMW X3Salvaged several times within a year. Odometer rolled back after the accident.
- 2015 HONDA CROSSTOUROdometer was potentially rolled back from 78k mi to 36k mi.
- 2014 PORSCHE CAYENNE
- 2016 NISSAN SENTRA
All info from Basic Report
Full list of events (better than CARFAX)
Odometer readings from DMV
Save up to $65 on CARFAX and AutoCheck
100% satisfaction guarantee
3 sale reports from different sources
24 actual photos
Odometer readings from sales
Bids and final prices
Real sale descriptions
Not enough reasons to want it? Try to click here.
Why BADVIN is better than other VIN reports?
We give you not only record like a car was at some auction on some date, we give you exact price how much it was sold for, we show you pictures that were used on that auction. So will be able to see how car looked some time ago.
Also we include all events for this VIN, so you will get most of following information:
- Vehicle Specifications
- Title Records and Title Checks
- Junk, Salvage
- Lien, Impound and Theft Records
- Insurance Records
- Owner History, Registered State
- Many other important records
We guarantee that our events list contains all information you need to make a decision about buying the car. If you find our Premium Report not sufficient enough, MONEY BACK GUARANTEED.
Would like to see some examples before purchase? Click here.
- This $31,000 Porsche Panamera Scam Was Drowned And Rolled BackDoes the water actually smell? Another example of a really bad deal.
- 2016 BMW i8 For $35,000: Scam or Score?This luxury BMW has changed not only its color but also odometer value.
- This Nissan Armada Just Keeps Getting Younger...Or Does It?Bought wrecked for $725 with 202k miles, on salvage auction again with 150k miles.
- Title Washing Maserati MoneypitSalvage Grand Turismo with odometer rolled back several times within a few years.
- 2014 JEEP WRANGLERSalvage title with blown airbags. Fully fixed with suspicious odometer.
- 2005 TOYOTA TACOMABought for $4k with 279k miles, cleaned, and on sale for $7k with 96k miles.
- 2005 DODGE MAGNUMTwo salvage auctions within a year. Odometer changed from 232k mi to 118k mi.
- 2005 BMW X3Salvaged several times within a year. Odometer rolled back after the accident.
- 2015 HONDA CROSSTOUROdometer was potentially rolled back from 78k mi to 36k mi.
- 2014 PORSCHE CAYENNE
- 2016 NISSAN SENTRA
If you want to get full information about the car, your best option is Premium Report for $5.99+.
If you need only sale information, your best choice is Basic Report. You won't get detailed list of events but you will get all photos and other data from all sales that we have for this vehicle. Basic reports available only for dealer membership.
Summary for VIN 2G1125S32J9134057
Make | CHEVROLET |
Model | IMPALA |
Trim | 2LZ |
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | Blue Velvet Metallic |
Color (Interior) | Light Wheat/Jet Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 3.6L V-6 gasoline direct injection, DOHC, variable valve control |
Drive | Front-wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
BADVIN Premium Report
Sale Record — 10 months ago in Eads, TN, 38028
2018 Chevrolet Impala 4dr Sdn Premier
Year | 2018 |
ODO | 8700 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $7962 |
MSRP | $4493 |
Location | Eads, TN, 38028 |
Date | ended 10 months ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Tech Specs
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | Blue |
Color (Interior) | Gray |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 6 Cylinder |
Drive | 2 Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
Photos
All photos below are REAL and display ACTUAL car. After you get the report you will see full resolution photos.
Standard Features
- Hidden text
- Audio system feature, 8" diagonal color infotainment display, touch-screen, motorized power up/down with hidden storage and valet password lock
- Hidden text
- Brake Assist
- Hidden text
- Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Driver Adjustable Lumbar
- Hidden text
- Front Side Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Heated Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Lamp, interior, ambient instrument panel
- Hidden text
- Passenger Adjustable Lumbar
- 1143
- Air conditioning, dual-zone automatic climate control with individual climate settings for driver and front passenger
- Hidden text
- Axle, 2.77 final drive ratio
- Hidden text
- Cargo convenience net, trunk
- Hidden text
- Daytime Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Floor Mats
- Hidden text
- Head restraints, rear, adjustable, folding
- Hidden text
- Keyless Open
- Hidden text
- Mirrors, outside heated power-adjustable manual-folding with integrated turn signal indicators and ground illumination (Chrome mirror caps.)
- Hidden text
- Power Driver Seat
- Hidden text
- Rear Bench Seat
- Hidden text
- Assist handles, driver, front passenger and rear outboard
- Hidden text
- Blind Spot Monitor
- Hidden text
- Child Safety Locks
- Hidden text
- Door handles, chrome with body-color strip
- Hidden text
- Front Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Heated Front Seat(s)
- Hidden text
- LATCH system (Lower Anchors and Top tethers for CHildren) for child safety seats
- Hidden text
- Pass-Through Rear Seat
- Hidden text
- Power Steering
- Hidden text
- Alternator, 150 amps
- Hidden text
- Back-Up Camera
- Hidden text
- Chassis equipment, front strut assembly
- Hidden text
- Defogger, rear-window
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted front
- Hidden text
- Headlamp control, automatic on and off
- Hidden text
- Keyless Start
- Hidden text
- Multi-Zone A/C
- Hidden text
- Power Mirror(s)
- Hidden text
- Armrest, rear center
- Hidden text
- Battery, 70AH, maintenance free with rundown protection, heavy-duty 512 cold-cranking amps
- Hidden text
- Chevrolet 4G LTE and available built-in Wi-Fi hotspot offers a fast and reliable Internet connection for up to 7 devices; includes data trial for 1 month or 3GB (whichever comes first) EFFECTIVE WITH RETAIL SALES STARTING 5/1/2018 (Available Wi-Fi requires compatible mobile device, active OnStar service and data plan. Data plans provided by AT&T. Visit onstar.com for details and system limitations.)
- Hidden text
- Door and window locks, rear child security, power
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted rear
- Hidden text
- Headlamps, high intensity discharge
- Hidden text
- Knee Air Bag
- Hidden text
- OnStar and Chevrolet connected services capable EFFECTIVE WITH RETAIL SALES STARTING 5/1/2018 (Visit onstar.com for coverage map, details and system limitations. Services vary by model.)
- Hidden text
- Power Passenger Seat
- Hidden text
- Rear Defrost
- Hidden text
- Power Door Locks
- Hidden text
- Rear A/C
- Hidden text
- Remote Trunk Release
- Hidden text
- Seat, rear 60/40 split-folding
- Hidden text
- Steering wheel controls, mounted audio and cruise controls
- Hidden text
- Tool kit, road emergency
- Hidden text
- Wheel, compact spare, 17" (43.2 cm) steel
- Hidden text
- Rear Parking Aid
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster, driver 8-way power
- Hidden text
- StabiliTrak, stability control system
- Hidden text
- Telematics
- Hidden text
- Universal Garage Door Opener
- Hidden text
- Premium Sound System
- Hidden text
- Remote Engine Start
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster, front passenger power lumbar
- Hidden text
- Steering column, manual tilt and telescopic
- Hidden text
- Tire, compact spare, T125/70R17
- Hidden text
- Rear Cross-Traffic Alert
- Hidden text
- Requires Subscription
- Hidden text
- Security System
- Hidden text
- Steering, power, variable assist, electric
- Hidden text
- Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Safety belt pretensioners, driver and front passenger
- Hidden text
- Shift knob, leather-wrapped
- Hidden text
- Storage compartment, front, uplevel with cover
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Windows, power with Express-Down on all
- Hidden text
- Visors, driver and front passenger illuminated vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- Window, power with driver Express-Up and Down
Sale Record — a year ago in San Antonio, TX, 78218
Year | 2018 |
ODO | 6389 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | San Antonio, TX, 78218 |
Date | appeared a year ago latest price $3717 sale post disappeared 2020-08-07 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Tech Specs
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | Blue Velvet Metallic |
Color (Interior) | Light Wheat/Jet Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 3.6L V-6 gasoline direct injection, DOHC, variable valve control |
Drive | Front-wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
Photos
All photos below are REAL and display ACTUAL car. After you get the report you will see full resolution photos.
Standard Features
- 3.6L DOHC V6 DI Engine
- Hidden text
- Android Auto
- Hidden text
- Auto door locks Auto-locking doors
- Hidden text
- Battery charge warning
- Hidden text
- Bodyside moldings Chrome bodyside moldings
- Hidden text
- Cargo access Power cargo area access release
- Hidden text
- Concealed cargo storage Cargo area concealed storage
- Hidden text
- Digital signal processor Bose Centerpoint Surround digital signal processor
- Hidden text
- Door trim insert Leatherette door trim insert
- Hidden text
- Electronic stability control StabiliTrak electronic stability control system...
- Hidden text
- Engine Mounting direction Transverse mounted engine
- Hidden text
- Floor Mats - Rear
- Hidden text
- Front Bucket Seats
- Hidden text
- Front reading lights
- Hidden text
- Grille Color - Black With Chrome Accents
- Hidden text
- Heated Seats
- Hidden text
- Immobilizer
- Hidden text
- Keyless Entry
- Hidden text
- Low level warnings Low level warning for oil, fuel, washer fluid and brake f...
- Hidden text
- Occupancy sensor Airbag occupancy sensor
- Hidden text
- Parking Sensors - Rear
- Hidden text
- Power passenger seat controls Passenger seat power reclining, lumbar support...
- Hidden text
- Rear Cross Traffic Alert
- Hidden text
- Rear head restraint control 2 rear seat head restraints
- Hidden text
- Rear under seat ducts Rear under seat climate control ducts
- Hidden text
- Seatback storage pockets 2 seatback storage pockets
- Hidden text
- Shock absorbers Gas-pressurized shock absorbers
- Hidden text
- Speedometer Redundant digital speedometer
- Hidden text
- Steering type number of wheels 2-wheel steering system
- Hidden text
- Suspension ride type rear Independent rear suspension
- Hidden text
- Transmission Type Automatic
- Hidden text
- USB Port
- Hidden text
- Visor illuminated passenger mirror Illuminated passenger visor mirror
- Hidden text
- 12V power outlets 2 12V power outlets
- Hidden text
- Alternator Type Alternator
- Hidden text
- Armrests rear Rear seat center armrest
- Hidden text
- Basic warranty 36 month/36,000 miles
- Hidden text
- Blind spot Lane Change Alert with Side Blind Zone Alert blind spot warning
- Hidden text
- Bumpers rear Body-colored rear bumper
- Hidden text
- Climate control Automatic climate control
- Hidden text
- Dashboard material Leatherette upholstered dashboard
- Hidden text
- Door mirror type Standard style side mirrors
- Hidden text
- Dual-Zone Front Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Engine 3.6L V-6 gasoline direct injection, DOHC, variable valve control, eng...
- Hidden text
- External memory Chevrolet MyLink external memory control
- Hidden text
- Fob remote vehicle controls Keyfob remote engine start
- Hidden text
- Front impact airbag driver Driver front impact airbag
- Hidden text
- Garage Door Opener
- Hidden text
- HEADLIGHTS ON REMINDER
- Hidden text
- Illuminated entry
- Hidden text
- Key in vehicle warning
- Hidden text
- License plate front bracket Front license plate bracket
- Hidden text
- Number of airbags 10 airbags
- Hidden text
- P245/45R19 AS BW Tires
- Hidden text
- Power Brakes
- Hidden text
- RDS Radio data system (RDS)
- Hidden text
- Rear cargo door Trunk
- Hidden text
- Rear seatback upholstery Carpet rear seatback upholstery
- Hidden text
- Running lights LED daytime running lights
- Hidden text
- Seek scan
- Hidden text
- Special paint Monotone paint
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Phone
- Hidden text
- Surround Sound
- Hidden text
- Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Turn signal warning Turn signal on warning
- Hidden text
- Ventilated brakes Front and rear ventilated disc brakes
- Hidden text
- Wireless device charging Front wireless smart device charging
- 6120
- Accessory power Retained accessory power
- Hidden text
- Anti-roll bar rear Rear anti-roll bar
- Hidden text
- Aux input jack Auxiliary input jack
- Hidden text
- Bench seats Split-bench rear seat
- Hidden text
- Brake type 4-wheel disc brakes
- Hidden text
- Cargo Net
- Hidden text
- Corrosion perforation warranty 72 month/100,000 miles
- Hidden text
- Door bins rear Rear door bins
- Hidden text
- Driver Information Center
- Hidden text
- Emergency Locking Retractors - Rear
- Hidden text
- Engine/electric motor temperature gage
- Hidden text
- Floor coverage Full floor coverage
- Hidden text
- Front Seatbelts - 3-Point
- Hidden text
- Front side impact airbag driver Seat mounted side impact driver airbag
- Hidden text
- Headlight type Projector beam headlights
- Hidden text
- Height adjustable seatbelts Front height adjustable seatbelts
- Hidden text
- Interior accents Chrome interior accents
- Hidden text
- LCD primary display size 8 inch primary LCD display
- Hidden text
- Maintenance warranty 24 month/24,000 miles
- Hidden text
- One-touch up window Driver one-touch up window
- Hidden text
- Passenger doors rear right Conventional right rear passenger door
- Hidden text
- Preferred Equipment Group 2LZ
- Hidden text
- Rear Shock Type - Twin-Tube Gas
- Hidden text
- Rear reading lights
- Hidden text
- Remote CD Remote-mounted single-disc CD player
- Hidden text
- Seatbelt pretensioners number 2 seatbelt pre-tensioners
- Hidden text
- Spare tire Compact spare tire with steel wheel
- Hidden text
- Springs rear Rear coil springs
- Hidden text
- Steering wheel tilt Manual tilting steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Tachometer
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Vanity Mirrors - Dual Illuminating
- Hidden text
- WiFi Hotspot
- Hidden text
- 120V AC power outlets 1 120V AC power outlet
- Hidden text
- All-in-one key All-in-one remote fob and ignition key
- Hidden text
- Armrests front center Front seat center armrest
- Hidden text
- Backup camera
- Hidden text
- Blind Spot Monitor
- Hidden text
- Bumpers front Body-colored front bumper
- Hidden text
- Child door locks Power rear child safety door locks
- Hidden text
- Cylinder head material Aluminum cylinder head
- Hidden text
- Door mirror style Chrome door mirrors
- Hidden text
- Dual Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Emissions tiers Tier 3 Bin 30 emissions
- Hidden text
- External temperature display
- Hidden text
- Fob engine controls Keyless Open/Keyless Start with hands-free access and pu...
- Hidden text
- Front head restraints Height and tilt adjustable front seat head restraints
- Hidden text
- Fuel Type Regular Unleaded
- Hidden text
- Headlights High-intensity discharge low and high beam headlights
- Hidden text
- Ignition Spark ignition system
- Hidden text
- Internet radio capability Pandora internet radio capability
- Hidden text
- Leather Seats
- Hidden text
- Navigation System
- Hidden text
- Overhead console Mini overhead console
- Hidden text
- Perimeter approach lighting Remote activated perimeter approach lighting
- Hidden text
- Push-button start
- Hidden text
- Rear camera Rear mounted camera
- Hidden text
- Rear seat upholstery Leather rear seat upholstery
- Hidden text
- Roadside warranty 60 month/60,000 miles
- Hidden text
- Security System
- Hidden text
- Speakers number 11 speakers
- Hidden text
- Steering Ratio - 15.2
- Hidden text
- Storage - Front Seatback
- Hidden text
- Tires P245/45RV19 AS BSW front and rear tires
- Hidden text
- Turn signal in door mirrors Turn signal indicator in door mirrors
- Hidden text
- Vehicle tracker OnStar Guidance vehicle tracker with vehicle slowdown
- Hidden text
- Wipers Variable intermittent front windshield wipers
- 1558
- Air Filtration
- Hidden text
- Apple CarPlay
- Hidden text
- Auxiliary Audio Input - Jack
- Hidden text
- Beverage holders Front beverage holders
- Hidden text
- Bulb warning Bulb failure warning
- Hidden text
- Center Console - Front Console With Armrest And Storage
- Hidden text
- Cruise control Cruise control with steering wheel mounted controls
- Hidden text
- Door handle material Chrome door handles
- Hidden text
- Driver lumbar Driver seat with 2-way power lumbar
- Hidden text
- Emergency SOS OnStar and Chevrolet connected services capable vehicle integr...
- Hidden text
- Equalizer Automatic audio equalizer
- Hidden text
- Floor covering Full carpet floor covering
- Hidden text
- Front Shock Type - Twin-Tube Gas
- Hidden text
- Front side impact airbag passenger Seat mounted side impact front passenger ...
- Hidden text
- Headlights - Auto Delay Off
- Hidden text
- High mount stop light High mounted center stop light
- Hidden text
- Interior courtesy lights Fade interior courtesy lights
- Hidden text
- Laminated Glass - Acoustic
- Hidden text
- Multi-function display
- Hidden text
- Overdrive Transmission
- Hidden text
- Passenger seat direction Front passenger seat with 8-way directional control...
- Hidden text
- Premium Sound System
- Hidden text
- Rear Springs Regular grade rear springs
- Hidden text
- Rear seat direction Front facing rear seat
- Hidden text
- Remote CD location In-dash mounted remote CD
- Hidden text
- seating capacity 5
- Hidden text
- Spare tire location Spare tire mounted under the cargo floor
- Hidden text
- Stability Control
- Hidden text
- Storage - Cargo Net
- Hidden text
- Tailpipe Stainless steel quasi-dual exhaust with chrome tailpipe finisher
- Hidden text
- Trip odometer
- Hidden text
- Variable Intake Manifold
- Hidden text
- Wheels 19 x 8.5-inch front and rear machined aluminum wheels
Sale Record — a year ago in San Antonio, TX, 78218
2018 Chevrolet Impala 4dr Sdn Premier
Year | 2018 |
ODO | 5134 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $5091 |
MSRP | $9096 |
Location | San Antonio, TX, 78218 |
Date | ended a year ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Tech Specs
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | Blue |
Color (Interior) | Beige |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 6 Cylinder |
Drive | 2 Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
Photos
All photos below are REAL and display ACTUAL car. After you get the report you will see full resolution photos.
Standard Features
- Hidden text
- Audio system feature, 8" diagonal color infotainment display, touch-screen, motorized power up/down with hidden storage and valet password lock
- Hidden text
- Brake Assist
- Hidden text
- Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Driver Adjustable Lumbar
- Hidden text
- Front Side Air Bag
- Hidden text
- ABS
- Hidden text
- Audio System Feature, Single-Slot CD/MP3 Player
- Hidden text
- Brake, park, electronic push button powered located on instrument panel left of steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Cruise control, electronic with set and resume speed
- Hidden text
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes
- Hidden text
- Audio system feature, Bose Centerpoint Surround Sound premium 11-speaker system, sound-stage signal processing
- Hidden text
- Brake Assist, panic
- Hidden text
- Compass display, located in the Driver Information Center
- Hidden text
- Driver Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Alternator, 150 amps
- Hidden text
- Back-Up Camera
- Hidden text
- Chassis equipment, front strut assembly
- Hidden text
- Defogger, rear-window
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted front
- Hidden text
- Headlamp control, automatic on and off
- Hidden text
- Air bags, 10 total, frontal and knee for driver and front passenger, side-impact seat-mounted and roof rail for front and rear outboard seating positions includes Passenger Sensing System (Always use safety belts and child restraints. Children are safer when properly secured in a rear seat in the appropriate child restraint. See the Owner's Manual for more information.)
- Hidden text
- Audio System Feature, USB Port, Located in Console
- Hidden text
- Brake lining, high-performance, noise and dust performance with FNC rotors
- Hidden text
- Cruise Control
- Hidden text
- Driver Information Center, color display includes trip/fuel information, vehicle information and vehicle messages
- Hidden text
- Glass, acoustic, laminated front-side and windshield
- Hidden text
- Integrated Turn Signal Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Heated Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Lamp, interior, ambient instrument panel
- Hidden text
- Passenger Adjustable Lumbar
- Hidden text
- Front Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Heated Front Seat(s)
- Hidden text
- Front Wheel Drive
- Hidden text
- Keyless Start
- Hidden text
- Multi-Zone A/C
- Hidden text
- Power Mirror(s)
- Hidden text
- OnStar and Chevrolet connected services capable EFFECTIVE WITH RETAIL SALES STARTING 5/1/2018 (Visit onstar.com for coverage map, details and system limitations. Services vary by model.)
- Hidden text
- Power Door Locks
- Hidden text
- Rear A/C
- Hidden text
- LATCH system (Lower Anchors and Top tethers for CHildren) for child safety seats
- Hidden text
- Keyless Open
- Hidden text
- Power outlet, 120-volt, located on the rear of center console
- Hidden text
- Power Passenger Seat
- Hidden text
- Remote Trunk Release
- Hidden text
- Lamp, interior, ambient, door
- Hidden text
- Rear Defrost
- Hidden text
- Pass-Through Rear Seat
- Hidden text
- Seat, rear 60/40 split-folding
- Hidden text
- Safety belt pretensioners, driver and front passenger
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster, driver power lumbar
- Hidden text
- Power Steering
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster, front passenger 8-way power
- Hidden text
- Stability Control
- Hidden text
- Shift knob, leather-wrapped
- Hidden text
- Power outlet, 1, auxiliary, 12-volt located inside console
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Audio Controls
- Hidden text
- Rear Bench Seat
- Hidden text
- Temporary Spare Tire
- Hidden text
- Storage compartment, front, uplevel with cover
- Hidden text
- Rear Parking Aid
- Hidden text
- Theft-deterrent system
- Hidden text
- Universal Home Remote includes garage door opener, 3-channel programmable
- Hidden text
- Safety belts, 3-point, all positions
- Hidden text
- Vent, rear console, air
- Hidden text
- Window, power with driver Express-Up and Down
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster, front passenger power lumbar
- Hidden text
- Windows, power with Express-Down on all
- Hidden text
- Seats, heated driver and front passenger
- Hidden text
- StabiliTrak, stability control system
- Hidden text
- Steering wheel, 4-spoke leather-wrapped
- Hidden text
- Tire, compact spare, T125/70R17
- Hidden text
- Trunk opening touch pad
- Hidden text
- Visors, driver and front passenger illuminated vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- Wipers, front intermittent