2013 CADILLAC XTSVIN: 2G61N5S34D9142456
Historical Records
Damage to rear
Vehicle involved in a sideswipe collision with another motor vehicle
Airbag deployed
Year | 2013 |
ODO | 4597 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Carrollton, TX, 75006 |
Date | appeared 2 years ago latest price $1881 sale post disappeared 2021-08-25 |
Price History | |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Color | White Diamond Tricoat Exterior |
Transmission | 6-Speed Automatic Transmission |
Drive | 2 wheel drive - front |
- Automatic level control rear air springs
- Hidden text
- Drivetrain front-wheel drive
- Hidden text
- Glovebox door electric
- Hidden text
- Map pockets front and rear doors and front seatbacks
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster front passenger 4-way power lumbar control
- Hidden text
- Suspension front HiPer Strut
- Hidden text
- Visors driver and front passenger illuminated vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- Battery Maintenance Free With Rundown Protection
- Hidden text
- EXTERIOR
- Hidden text
- Head restraints
- Hidden text
- Mirror Inside Rearview Auto-Dimming
- Hidden text
- Seat rear 60/40 split-folding with lockable rear pass-through
- Hidden text
- Suspension rear independent linked H-arm
- Hidden text
- Wheels 19 X 8.5 (48.3 Cm X 21.6 Cm) Aluminum With Premium Paint And Chrome Inserts
- Hidden text
- Brakes front Brembo antilock disc 4-wheel
- Hidden text
- Exhaust Dual Stainless-Steel With Hidden Turned-Down Tips
- Hidden text
- Interior
- Hidden text
- Moldings bodyside
- Hidden text
- Seats front bucket 8-way power driver and front passenger seat adjusters with 4 way manual head restraint adjust
- Hidden text
- Theft-deterrent system immobilizer
- Hidden text
- Wipers front intermittent
- Hidden text
- Brakes rotors with FNC coating
- Hidden text
- Floor Mats Carpeted Front
- Hidden text
- Keyless Access passive entry
- Hidden text
- OnStar 1 year of Directions and Connections plan includes Automatic Crash Response Emergency Services Crisis Assist First Assist Injury Severity Predictor Stolen Vehicle Assistance Stolen Vehicle Slowdown Remote Ignition Block Remote Door Unlock Roadside
- Hidden text
- Sensor automatic air circulation/air quality
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitor System
- Hidden text
- Wood trim includes real wood on steering wheel console and centerstack (See Color and Trim chart for wood trim choices.)
- Hidden text
- Brake Parking Electronic
- Hidden text
- Engine 3.6L SIDI DOHC V6 VVT (304 hp [224 kW @ 6800 rpm 264 lb-ft of torque [355 N-m] @ 5200 rpm)
- Hidden text
- Headlamps high intensity discharge Xenon windshield wiper-activated with Twilight Sentinel cornering lamps and night-time flash-to-pass feature (headlamps on)
- Hidden text
- Mirrors outside heated power-adjustable manual folding body-color with turn signal indicators and puddle lamps
- Hidden text
- Seat trim Soleil Keisel mini-perforated inserts leather seating surfaces
- Hidden text
- Theft-Deterrent System Content Theft Alarm
- Hidden text
- Windows power all 4 with Express-Up/Down includes rear passenger lockout
Year | 2013 |
ODO | 4217 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Carrollton, TX, 75006 |
Date | appeared 2 years ago latest price $9273 sale post disappeared 2021-07-29 |
Price History | |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | White Diamond Tri-Coat |
Color (Interior) | Shale |
Transmission | 6-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 3.6L V6 24V GDI DOHC |
Drive | Front-wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- Active Suspension
- Hidden text
- CUE
- Hidden text
- Curb weight: 4,006 lbs.
- Hidden text
- Dual illuminated vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- Front Hip Room: 55.1"
- Hidden text
- Genuine wood center console trim
- Hidden text
- Integrated satellite communications
- Hidden text
- Multi-Link Rear Suspension
- Hidden text
- Privacy glass: Light
- Hidden text
- Rear leveling suspension
- Hidden text
- Seatbelt pretensioners: Front
- Hidden text
- Surround Audio
- Hidden text
- Total Number of Speakers: 8
- Hidden text
- Wheel Width: 8.5
- 5357
- Air rear spring
- Hidden text
- Cargo area light
- Hidden text
- Daytime Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Dual reverse tilt mirrors
- Hidden text
- Front Leg Room: 45.8"
- Hidden text
- Genuine wood dash trim
- Hidden text
- Interior air filtration
- Hidden text
- Overall Length: 202.0"
- Hidden text
- Radio data system
- Hidden text
- Rear seats center armrest with pass-thru
- Hidden text
- Selective Service Internet Access
- Hidden text
- Suspension class: Regular
- Hidden text
- Transmission gear shifting controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Wheelbase: 111.7"
- 9436
- Audio System Premium Brand Speakers: Bose
- Hidden text
- Chrome Grille
- Hidden text
- Digital Audio Input
- Hidden text
- Electrochromatic rearview mirror
- Hidden text
- Front ventilated disc brakes
- Hidden text
- Headlights off auto delay
- Hidden text
- Leather seat upholstery
- Hidden text
- Overall height: 59.5"
- Hidden text
- Rear Hip Room: 54.3"
- Hidden text
- Regular front stabilizer bar
- Hidden text
- Silver w/chrome accents aluminum rims
- Hidden text
- Three 12V DC power outlets
- Hidden text
- Turn signal in mirrors
- Hidden text
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Bucket Front Seats
- Hidden text
- Cupholders: Front and rear
- Hidden text
- Dual front air conditioning zones
- Hidden text
- Front Head Room: 40.1"
- Hidden text
- Fuel Type: Regular unleaded
- Hidden text
- Integrated Roof Antenna
- Hidden text
- Max cargo capacity: 18 cu.ft.
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Rear door type: Trunk
- Hidden text
- Seatback storage: 2
- Hidden text
- Strut front suspension
- Hidden text
- Tires: Width: 245 mm
- Hidden text
- Wheel Diameter: 19
- 8205
- Anti-Theft Alarm System
- Hidden text
- Center Console: Full with covered storage
- Hidden text
- Diameter of tires: 19.0"
- Hidden text
- Dusk sensing headlights
- Hidden text
- Front Shoulder Room: 57.9"
- Hidden text
- Gross vehicle weight: 5,346 lbs.
- Hidden text
- Keyless ignition w/ push button start & keyless door entry
- Hidden text
- Overall Width: 72.9"
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Room: 37.8"
- Hidden text
- Rear spoiler: Lip
- Hidden text
- Side airbag
- Hidden text
- Tachometer
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Wireless Phone Connectivity
Year | 2013 |
ODO | 3000 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $9198 |
Location | Carrollton, TX, 75006 |
Date | ended 2 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | White |
Color (Interior) | Gray |
Drive | 2 Wheel Drive |
- 4987
- Air bag, Passenger Sensing System, front passenger seat
- Hidden text
- Automatic level control, rear air springs
- Hidden text
- CUE Information and Media Control System 8" display, featuring touch response, haptic feedback, gesture recognition, proximity sensing, articulating storage door/bin, clock display and compass feature
- Hidden text
- Door locks, rear child security
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted rear
- Hidden text
- HID headlights
- Hidden text
- Knee Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Moldings, bodyside
- Hidden text
- Air Suspension
- Hidden text
- Automatic Headlights
- Hidden text
- CD Player
- Hidden text
- Door locks, power programmable with lockout protection
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted front
- Hidden text
- HD Radio
- Hidden text
- Keyless start, push button
- Hidden text
- Mirrors, outside heated power-adjustable, manual folding, body-color with turn signal indicators and puddle lamps
- Hidden text
- Passenger Vanity Mirror
- 3234
- Active Suspension
- Hidden text
- Audio system feature, single slot CD/MP3 player glove box mounted
- Hidden text
- Brake, parking, electronic
- Hidden text
- Daytime running lamps
- Hidden text
- Engine Immobilizer
- Hidden text
- Glass, Solar-Ray, light-tinted
- Hidden text
- Keyless Access, passive entry
- Hidden text
- Magnetic Ride Control, dual-mode
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Rear Defrost
- Hidden text
- A/T
- Hidden text
- Aluminum Wheels
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth Connection
- Hidden text
- Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Driver Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Front Side Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Headlamps, high intensity discharge Xenon, windshield wiper-activated with Twilight Sentinel, cornering lamps and night-time flash-to-pass feature (headlamps on)
- Hidden text
- Leather Seats
- Hidden text
- Navigation from Telematics
- Hidden text
- ABS
- Hidden text
- Antenna, roof-mounted
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth, streaming audio for music and select phones
- Hidden text
- Climate control, dual-zone automatic with individual climate settings for driver and front passenger
- Hidden text
- Driver Illuminated Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Fueling system, capless
- Hidden text
- Heated Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Leather Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- OnStar Turn-by-Turn Navigation
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Requires Subscription
- Hidden text
- Shift lever, leather-wrapped
- Hidden text
- Suspension, rear, independent linked H-arm
- Hidden text
- Passenger Adjustable Lumbar
- Hidden text
- Rear Bench Seat
- Hidden text
- Safety belts, 3-point, driver and front passenger
- Hidden text
- StabiliTrak, electronic stability control system
- Hidden text
- Telematics
- Hidden text
- Traction control, all-speed brake and engine controlled
- Hidden text
- Premium Sound System
- Hidden text
- Retained accessory power power windows, audio system, mirrors, sunroof and climate control remain operational after ignition is switched off for 10 minutes or until a door is opened
- Hidden text
- Smart Device Integration
- Hidden text
- TRANSMISSION, 6-SPEED AUTOMATIC
- Hidden text
- Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Woodgrain Interior Trim
- Hidden text
- Security System
- Hidden text
- Stolen Vehicle Assistance
- Hidden text
- Tires - Front Performance
- Hidden text
- Wheels, 19" x 8.5" (48.3 cm x 21.6 cm) aluminum with premium paint and chrome inserts
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Satellite Radio
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Audio Controls
- Hidden text
- Theft-deterrent system, immobilizer
- Hidden text
- Trunk release, power
- Hidden text
- Tires, P245/45R19 all-season, blackwall
- Hidden text
- Wipers, front intermittent
Year | 2013 |
ODO | 2646 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Location | Dallas, TX, 75236 |
Date | ended 3 years ago sold for $1560 |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Color | White |
Color (Interior) | Gray |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 6 Cylinder |
Drive | 2 Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- Hidden text
- Air bag, Passenger Sensing System, front passenger seat
- Hidden text
- Automatic level control, rear air springs
- Hidden text
- CUE Information and Media Control System 8" display, featuring touch response, haptic feedback, gesture recognition, proximity sensing, articulating storage door/bin, clock display and compass feature
- Hidden text
- Door locks, rear child security
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted rear
- Hidden text
- HID headlights
- Hidden text
- Knee Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Air Suspension
- Hidden text
- Automatic Headlights
- Hidden text
- CD Player
- Hidden text
- Door locks, power programmable with lockout protection
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted front
- Hidden text
- HD Radio
- Hidden text
- Keyless start, push button
- Hidden text
- Mirrors, outside heated power-adjustable, manual folding, body-color with turn signal indicators and puddle lamps
- Hidden text
- 6-Speed A/T
- Hidden text
- Antenna, roof-mounted
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth, streaming audio for music and select phones
- Hidden text
- Climate control, dual-zone automatic with individual climate settings for driver and front passenger
- Hidden text
- Driver Illuminated Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Fueling system, capless
- Hidden text
- Heated Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Leather Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- OnStar Turn-by-Turn Navigation
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Requires Subscription
- Hidden text
- Shift lever, leather-wrapped
- Hidden text
- Adaptive Remote Start included with Remote Keyless Entry
- Hidden text
- Auto-Dimming Rearview Mirror
- Hidden text
- Brakes, front Brembo, antilock, disc 4-wheel
- Hidden text
- Daytime Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Exhaust, dual stainless-steel with hidden, turned-down tips
- Hidden text
- Glass, laminated front-side, theft-deterrent
- Hidden text
- Keyless Entry
- Hidden text
- Map pockets, front and rear doors and front seatbacks
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag Sensor
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Satellite Radio
- Hidden text
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes
- Hidden text
- Alternator, 170 amps
- Hidden text
- Battery, maintenance free with rundown protection
- Hidden text
- Child Safety Locks
- Hidden text
- Driver Adjustable Lumbar
- Hidden text
- Front Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Head restraints
- Hidden text
- Lamp, LED center high-mounted stop/brake (CHMSL)
- Hidden text
- Multi-Zone A/C
- Hidden text
- Power Mirror(s)
- Hidden text
- Remote Engine Start
- Hidden text
- Security System
- Hidden text
- Stolen Vehicle Assistance
- Hidden text
- MP3 Player
- Hidden text
- Passenger Adjustable Lumbar
- Hidden text
- Rear Bench Seat
- Hidden text
- Safety belts, 3-point, driver and front passenger
- Hidden text
- StabiliTrak, electronic stability control system
- Hidden text
- Telematics
- Hidden text
- Traction control, all-speed brake and engine controlled
- Hidden text
- Passenger Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Rear Parking Aid
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster, front passenger 4-way power lumbar control
- Hidden text
- Steering wheel, leather-wrapped with wood accents includes tap up/tap down controls
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitor System
- Hidden text
- Universal Home Remote includes garage door opener, 3-channel programmable
- Hidden text
- Steering column, power rake and telescopic wheel
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitor
- Hidden text
- Universal Garage Door Opener
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Audio Controls
- Hidden text
- Theft-deterrent system, immobilizer
- Hidden text
- Trunk release, power
- Hidden text
- Tires - Front Performance
- Hidden text
- Wheels, 19" x 8.5" (48.3 cm x 21.6 cm) aluminum with premium paint and chrome inserts
Sale Record
Year | 2013 |
ODO | 7539 mi |
Location | Baton Rouge, LA, 70810 |
Date | ended 3 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Body Style | 4 Door Sedan |
Color | WHITE |
Color (Interior) | TN |
Transmission | Automatic |
Cylinders | 6 |
Drive | FWD |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- 5 Passenger Seating
- Hidden text
- Air Conditioning
- Hidden text
- Car Jack
- Hidden text
- Day Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Leather Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Owner's Manual
- Hidden text
- Power Driver & Passenger Seat
- Hidden text
- Power Locks
- Hidden text
- Power Steering
- Hidden text
- Power Telescopic Steering
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Radio-AM/FM
- Hidden text
- Security System
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Audio Control
- Hidden text
- Tilt Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
Year | 2013 |
ODO | 8312 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Hammond, LA, 70401 |
Date | appeared 5 years ago latest price $5126 sale post disappeared 2019-10-25 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | White |
Color (Interior) | Shale |
Transmission | 6-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 3.6L V6 24V GDI DOHC |
Drive | FWD |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- Hidden text
- Auto-off headlights
- Hidden text
- Driver Illuminated Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Intermittent Wipers
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Aluminum Wheels
- Hidden text
- Driver Adjustable Lumbar
- Hidden text
- HID headlights
- Hidden text
- Pass-Through Rear Seat
- Hidden text
- Power Steering
- Hidden text
- Telematics
- Hidden text
- Auxiliary Audio Input
- Hidden text
- Driver Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Keyless Entry
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag Sensor
- Hidden text
- Rear Bench Seat
- Hidden text
- Power Driver Seat,4-Wheel Disc Brakes
- Hidden text
- Remote Trunk Release
- Hidden text
- Adjustable Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Vehicle anti-theft system
- Hidden text
- Alarm
- Hidden text
- Woodgrain Interior Trim
- Hidden text
- Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Front floor mats
- Hidden text
- Heated Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Keyless Start
- Hidden text
- Navigation from Telematics
- Hidden text
- Passenger Illuminated Visor Mirror
- Hidden text
- Power Passenger Seat
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Audio Controls
- Hidden text
- Rear Side Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Universal Garage Door Opener
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Cruise control,4-wheel ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- External temperature display
- Hidden text
- Audio controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Cruise controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Fold forward seatback rear seats
- Hidden text
- Interior air filtration
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Integrated satellite communications
- Hidden text
- Rear seats center armrest with pass-thru
- Hidden text
- Power remote w/tilt down passenger mirror adjustment
- Hidden text
- Tilt and telescopic steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Turn signal in mirrors
- Hidden text
- Remote Engine Start
- Hidden text
- Speed Sensitive Audio Volume Control
- Hidden text
- Tachometer
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Wireless Phone Connectivity
- Hidden text
- Electrochromatic rearview mirror
- Hidden text
- Dual illuminated vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- Fuel Consumption: City: 17 mpg
- Hidden text
- Heated passenger mirror
- Hidden text
- Front Ventilated disc brakes,1st and 2nd row curtain head airbags
- Hidden text
- Heated driver mirror
- Hidden text
- Power remote w/tilt down driver mirror adjustment
- Hidden text
- Rear bench
- Hidden text
- Leather shift knob trim
- Hidden text
- Privacy glass: Light
- Hidden text
- Power remote trunk release
- Hidden text
- Suspension class: Regular
- Hidden text
- Radio data system
- Hidden text
- Transmission gear shifting controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System: Tire specific
- Hidden text
- Video Monitor Location: Front
- Hidden text
- Surround Audio
- Hidden text
- Wheel Diameter: 19
Model Analytics & Market Report
Depreciation
Year | Average Mileage | Average Price | % Left | % Lost | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 MSRP | 0 mi | $51,375 | — | — | 100% | 0% |
→ Visit 2013 CADILLAC XTS depreciation page to see full data. |
Price vs Mileage
Mileage | Average Price | Sample Size |
---|---|---|
15,000 mi | $22,989 | 19 sales |
20,000 mi | $22,888 | 73 sales |
25,000 mi | $21,656 | 48 sales |
30,000 mi | $21,990 | 138 sales |
35,000 mi | $22,590 | 184 sales |
40,000 mi | $19,500 | 129 sales |
→ Visit 2013 CADILLAC XTS depreciation page to see full data. |
VIN Decoder — 35 records
A TPMS is an electronic system designed to monitor the air pressure inside the pneumatic tires on various types of vehicles. TPMS can be divided into two different types - direct and indirect. Direct TPMS employ pressure sensors on each wheel, either internal or external. The sensors physically measure the tire pressure in each tire and report it to the vehicle's instrument cluster or a corresponding monitor. Indirect TPMS does not use physical pressure sensors but measure air pressures by monitoring individual wheel rotational speeds and other signals available outside of the tire itself.
Engine displacement (in cubic centimeters) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
Engine displacement (in cubic inches) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
Engine displacement (in liters) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
This is a numerical field to store the number of cylinders in an engine. Common values for passenger cars are 4 or 6.
Fuel Delivery / Fuel Injection Type defines the mechanism through which fuel is delivered to the engine.
Fuel type defines the fuel used to power the vehicle. For vehicles that have two power sources, such as plug-in hybrid vehicle, both primary fuel type and secondary fuel type will be provided.
Body Class presents the body type based on 49 CFR 565.12(b): "Body type means the general configuration or shape of a vehicle distinguished by such characteristics as the number of doors or windows, cargo-carrying features and the roofline (e.g., sedan, fastback, hatchback)." Definitions are not provided for individual body types in the regulation.
Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) is the maximum operating weight of a vehicle including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers and cargo, but excluding that of the trailers. Per 49 CFR 565.15, Class 1 is further broken down to Class A-D; Class 2 is further broken down to Class E-H. This field captures the lower bound of GVWR range for the vehicle.
Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) is the maximum operating weight of a vehicle including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers and cargo, but excluding that of the trailers. Per 49 CFR 565.15, Class 1 is further broken down to Class A-D; Class 2 is further broken down to Class E-H. This field captures the higher bound of GVWR range for the vehicle.
Per 49 CFR 565, Model means a name that a manufacturer applies to a family of vehicles of the same type, make, line, series and body type.
If the model year (MY) is supplied when the VIN is decoded, such as from a crash report or a vehicle registration record, the MY value will be the supplied MY, even if the MY decoded from the VIN differs from the supplied MY. If the MY is not supplied when the VIN is decoded, the MY value will be decoded from the 10th character in the VIN.
Note is used to store any additional information that does not correspond to any of the specified fields on the interface. This is a catch-all element for systems other than for engine, restraint system, brake and battery. Engine, restraint system, brake, and battery have their own note elements.
This data element captures the city of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the name of the company that owns the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the country of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the State or Province name within the Plant Country of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This field captures the location of curtain air bags. Curtain air bags are side air bags that protect the head.
This field captures the location of frontal air bags. Frontal air bags are generally designed to deploy in "moderate to severe" frontal or near-frontal crashes.