BADVIN vehicle history report for
2019 FORD EDGEVIN: 2FMPK4AP8KBB49992
Get FULL ACCESS to the vehicle history report and see all blurred info.
⭐ Read 206+ reviews from our customers who used BADVIN to avoid buying junk vehicles.
Historical Records
24 events
Photos
76 images
Sales History
6 records
Sale Prices
7 records
Market report
Price analytics
Historical Records
Historical records may include service and maintenance records, title status (clean, junk, salvage), insurance records, number of owners, registration events and states, and other information.
You can find more information about historical records in BADVIN reports and see more examples here.
Available 24 historical records for VIN 2FMPK4AP8KBB49992
Latest reported mileage: 6200 mi
Below you can see some examples of what these records could look like.
2023-07-06
a year ago
97,782 mi
New owner reported
REBUILT TITLE ISSUED
REBUILT TITLE ISSUED
2022-02-01
2 years ago
13,216 mi
Duplicate title issued
REBUILT TITLE ISSUED
REBUILT TITLE ISSUED
2019-09-08
5 years ago
44,572 mi
Vehicle serviced
Maintenance inspection completed
Maintenance inspection completed
2019 Ford Edge ST AWD
Year | 2019 |
ODO | 4620 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $1283 |
MSRP | $7908 |
Location | Lakewood, CO, 80227 |
Date | ended 2 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
sale information provided by user #365777
All photos above are REAL and display ACTUAL car. After you get the report you will see full resolution photos.
Tech Specs
Body Style | SUV |
Color | White |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 6 Cylinder |
Drive | All Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
Standard Features
All these features are based on a model in general. This specific vehicle may differ.
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes
- 7857
- Adjustable Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Back-Up Camera
- Hidden text
- Body-Colored Rear Bumper w/Black Rub Strip/Fascia Accent
- Hidden text
- Clearcoat Paint
- Hidden text
- Driver Air Bag
- 9445
- 50-State Emissions System
- Hidden text
- Air Filtration
- Hidden text
- Black Grille
- Hidden text
- Brake Actuated Limited Slip Differential
- Hidden text
- Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Driver And Passenger Knee Airbag
- Hidden text
- Dual Stainless Steel Exhaust w/Polished Tailpipe Finisher
- Hidden text
- Ford Co-Pilot360 - Lane-Keeping Assist Lane Departure Warning
- Hidden text
- Front Side Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Headlights-Automatic Highbeams
- Hidden text
- 4 12V DC Power Outlets
- 5733
- ABS
- Hidden text
- Automatic Highbeams
- Hidden text
- Body-Colored Door Handles
- Hidden text
- Carpet Floor Trim
- Hidden text
- Deep Tinted Glass
- Hidden text
- Driver Restriction Features
- Hidden text
- Fixed Rear Window w/Fixed Interval Wiper and Defroster
- Hidden text
- Front Collision Mitigation
- Hidden text
- Gas-Pressurized Shock Absorbers
- Hidden text
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes w/4-Wheel ABS, Front And Rear Vented Discs, Brake Assist, Hill Hold Control and Electric Parking Brake
- 1013
- AM/FM Stereo
- Hidden text
- Axle Ratio: TBA
- Hidden text
- Body-Colored Power Heated Side Mirrors w/Manual Folding and Turn Signal Indicator
- Hidden text
- Class II Towing Equipment -inc: Hitch and Trailer Sway Control
- Hidden text
- Digital/Analog Appearance
- Hidden text
- Dual Stage Driver And Passenger Front Airbags
- Hidden text
- Ford Co-Pilot360 - Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) and Cross Traffic Alert
- Hidden text
- Front Fog Lamps
- Hidden text
- HD Radio
- Hidden text
- Intermittent Wipers
- Hidden text
- Leather/Metal-Look Steering Wheel w/Auto Tilt-Away
- Hidden text
- Outboard Front Lap And Shoulder Safety Belts -inc: Rear Center 3 Point, Height Adjusters and Pretensioners
- Hidden text
- 2 Seatback Storage Pockets
- 5912
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Auxiliary Audio Input
- Hidden text
- Body-Colored Front Bumper w/Black Bumper Insert
- Hidden text
- Child Safety Locks
- Hidden text
- Delayed Accessory Power
- Hidden text
- Driver Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Fog Lamps
- Hidden text
- Front Cupholder
- Hidden text
- driver monitoring
- Hidden text
- FOB Controls -inc: Cargo Access and Windows
- Hidden text
- Front And Rear Map Lights
- Hidden text
- Fully Galvanized Steel Panels
- Hidden text
- Instrument Panel Bin, Covered Dashboard Storage, Driver / Passenger And Rear Door Bins
- Hidden text
- Lane Departure Warning
- Hidden text
- Multi-Link Rear Suspension w/Coil Springs
- Hidden text
- Perimeter/Approach Lights
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Rear Defrost
- Hidden text
- Satellite Radio
- Hidden text
- Keypad
- Hidden text
- MP3 Player
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Power Mirror(s)
- Hidden text
- Power Door Locks
- Hidden text
- Proximity Key For Doors And Push Button Start
- Hidden text
- Rear Parking Sensors
- Hidden text
- Side Impact Beams
- Hidden text
- Strut Front Suspension w/Coil Springs
- Hidden text
- Illuminated Locking Glove Box
- Hidden text
- Knee Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Manual w/Tilt Front Head Restraints and Manual Adjustable Rear Head Restraints
- Hidden text
- Laminated Glass
- Hidden text
- Mirror Memory
- Hidden text
- Steel Spare Wheel
- Hidden text
- Tires - Front Performance
- Hidden text
- WiFi Hotspot
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Seats w/Leatherette Back Material
- Hidden text
- Tow Hitch
- Hidden text
- Outside Temp Gauge
- Hidden text
- Spare Tire Mounted Inside Under Cargo
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag Sensor
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Audio Controls
- Hidden text
- Telematics
- Hidden text
- Power Tilt/Telescoping Steering Column
- Hidden text
- Privacy Glass
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Rear Cupholder
- Hidden text
- Rear Spoiler
- Hidden text
- Roof Rack Rails Only
- Hidden text
- Securilock Anti-Theft Ignition (pats) Engine Immobilizer
- Hidden text
- Stability Control
- Hidden text
- Streaming Audio
- Hidden text
- Temporary Spare Tire
- Hidden text
- Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Wheels: 20" Bright-Machined Aluminum -inc: high gloss black-painted pockets
2019 Ford Edge ST
Year | 2019 |
ODO | 4691 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Denver, CO, 80227 |
Date | appeared 2 years ago latest price $4322 sale post disappeared 2022-07-11 |
Price History | |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
sale information provided by user #613590
All photos above are REAL and display ACTUAL car. After you get the report you will see full resolution photos.
Tech Specs
Color | White Platinum Metallic Tri-Coat Exterior |
Transmission | 8-Speed Automatic Transmission |
Drive | All wheel drive |
Standard Features
All these features are based on a model in general. This specific vehicle may differ.
- 12 Speakers
- Hidden text
- Auto Tilt-Away Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Cooled front seats
- Hidden text
- Foot-Activated Hands-Free Liftgate
- Hidden text
- Fully Automatic Headlights
- Hidden text
- ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- Auto-Dimming Rear-View Mirror
- Hidden text
- Driver Door Bin
- Hidden text
- Front & Rear Floor Liners
- Hidden text
- Heated Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Outside temperature display
- Hidden text
- Power Driver Seat
- Hidden text
- Rear seat center armrest
- Hidden text
- Speed-Sensitive Wipers
- Hidden text
- Universal Garage Door Opener (UGDO)
- Hidden text
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes
- Hidden text
- Auto-Dimming Driver'S Sideview Mirror
- Hidden text
- Delay-Off Headlights
- Hidden text
- Four Wheel Independent Suspension
- Hidden text
- Heated Rear-Seats
- Hidden text
- Occupant Sensing Airbag
- Hidden text
- Power Door Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Rear reading lights
- Hidden text
- Speed control
- Hidden text
- Turn Signal Indicator Mirrors
- Hidden text
- 110V/150W AC Power Outlet
- Hidden text
- Auto High-Beam Headlights
- Hidden text
- Compass
- Hidden text
- Evasive Steering Assist
- Hidden text
- Front reading lights
- Hidden text
- Low Tire Pressure Warning
- Hidden text
- Perimeter Alarm
- Hidden text
- Rear Parking Sensors
- Hidden text
- SiriusXM Radio
- Hidden text
- Tilt steering wheel
- Hidden text
- AM/FM radio: SiriusXM
- Hidden text
- Automatic Temperature Control
- Hidden text
- Driver Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Front 180 Degree Camera
- Hidden text
- Heated Door Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Overhead Airbag
- Hidden text
- Power Passenger Seat
- Hidden text
- Rear Window Defroster
- Hidden text
- Split folding rear seat
- Hidden text
- Variably Intermittent Wipers
- Hidden text
- Panic alarm
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Remote Start System
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Memory
- Hidden text
- Wheels: 20" Bright-Machined Aluminum
Year | 2019 |
ODO | 6973 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Denver, CO, 80227 |
Date | appeared 2 years ago latest price $1203 sale post disappeared 2023-03-03 |
Price History | |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
sale information provided by user #869309
All photos above are REAL and display ACTUAL car. After you get the report you will see full resolution photos.
Tech Specs
Body Style | SUV |
Color | White Platinum Tri-Coat Metallic |
Color (Interior) | Ebony |
Transmission | 8-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 2.7L V6 24V GDI DOHC Twin Turbo |
Drive | All-wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
Standard Features
All these features are based on a model in general. This specific vehicle may differ.
- 4-Wheel Disc Brakes
- Hidden text
- AppLink/Apple CarPlay and Android Auto
- Hidden text
- Black Grille
- Hidden text
- Clock: In-dash
- Hidden text
- Daytime Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Dual Front Impact Airbags
- Hidden text
- Enhanced Active Park Assist
- Hidden text
- Front & Rear Floor Liners
- Hidden text
- Front Shoulder Room: 60.3"
- Hidden text
- Headlights off auto delay
- Hidden text
- Integrated Roof Antenna
- Hidden text
- Manufacturer's 0-60mph acceleration time (seconds): 6.4 s
- Hidden text
- Overall Width: 75.9"
- Hidden text
- Permanent Locking Hubs
- Hidden text
- Privacy glass: Deep
- Hidden text
- Rear Shoulder Room: 60.5"
- Hidden text
- Remote Start System
- Hidden text
- Seatbelt pretensioners: Front and rear
- Hidden text
- Spoiler
- Hidden text
- Telescoping Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Trailer Hitch
- Hidden text
- Video Monitor Location: Front
- Hidden text
- 4-wheel ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- Audio System Premium Brand Speakers: B&O
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth Wireless Phone Connectivity
- Hidden text
- Coil front spring
- Hidden text
- Delay-Off Headlights
- Hidden text
- Dual front side impact airbags
- Hidden text
- Equipment Group 401a
- Hidden text
- Front 180 Degree Camera
- Hidden text
- Front ventilated disc brakes
- Hidden text
- Heated Door Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Interior air filtration
- Hidden text
- Max cargo capacity: 73 cu.ft.
- Hidden text
- Overall height: 68.3"
- Hidden text
- Piano black/aluminum center console trim
- Hidden text
- Radio: B&O Sound System by Bang & Olufsen
- Hidden text
- Rear Stabilizer Bar: Regular
- Hidden text
- Remote activated exterior entry lights
- Hidden text
- Side airbag
- Hidden text
- Stability controll with anti-roll
- Hidden text
- Tilt steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Transmission gear shifting controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Voice-Activated Touchscreen Navigation System
- 1508
- AM/FM radio: SiriusXM
- Hidden text
- Auto High-Beam Headlights
- Hidden text
- Braking Assist
- Hidden text
- Compass
- Hidden text
- Door reinforcement: Side-impact door beam
- Hidden text
- Dusk sensing headlights
- Hidden text
- Floor mats: Carpet front and rear
- Hidden text
- Front Fog Lights
- Hidden text
- Front fog/driving lights
- Hidden text
- Heated passenger mirror
- Hidden text
- Leather-Trimmed Heated ST Bolstered Bucket Seats
- Hidden text
- Memorized Settings including steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Overhead console: Mini with storage
- Hidden text
- Power Steering
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Room: 40.3"
- Hidden text
- Rear door type: Power liftgate
- Hidden text
- Right rear passenger door type: Conventional
- Hidden text
- SiriusXM Radio
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Mounted Audio Controls
- Hidden text
- Tires: Prefix: P
- Hidden text
- Turn Signal Indicator Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Wheelbase: 112.2"
- 1015
- ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- Audio System Premium Brand: Sony
- Hidden text
- Body-colored bumpers
- Hidden text
- Coil rear spring
- Hidden text
- Diameter of tires: 20.0"
- Hidden text
- Dual front air conditioning zones
- Hidden text
- Evasive Steering Assist
- Hidden text
- Front Anti-Roll Bar
- Hidden text
- Front and rear reading lights
- Hidden text
- Heated Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Knee Airbag
- Hidden text
- Memorized Settings for 3 drivers
- Hidden text
- Overhead Airbag
- Hidden text
- Power Door Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Rain sensing front wipers
- Hidden text
- Rear Window Defroster
- Hidden text
- Remote window operation
- Hidden text
- Simulated suede/leather seat upholstery
- Hidden text
- Steel spare wheel rim
- Hidden text
- Tilt and telescopic steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Transmission hill holder
- Hidden text
- Wheel Diameter: 20
- 7488
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Audio controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Brake Assist
- Hidden text
- Cold Weather Package
- Hidden text
- Door pockets: Driver, passenger and rear
- Hidden text
- Dual illuminated vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- External temperature display
- Hidden text
- Front Dual Zone A/C
- Hidden text
- Front and rear suspension stabilizer bars
- Hidden text
- Heated driver mirror
- Hidden text
- Lane Centering
- Hidden text
- Memorized Settings including door mirror(s)
- Hidden text
- Overhead console
- Hidden text
- Power Driver Seat
- Hidden text
- Rear Anti-Roll Bar
- Hidden text
- Rear center seatbelt: 3-point belt
- Hidden text
- Remote, digital keypad power door locks
- Hidden text
- SiriusXM AM/FM/HD/Satellite Radio
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Memory
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System: Tire specific
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Wheel Width: 9
Year | 2019 |
ODO | 8337 mi |
Condition | Hidden text |
Seller | Hidden text |
Location | Lakewood, CO, 80227 |
Date | appeared 2 years ago latest price $4268 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
sale information provided by user #1023925
All photos above are REAL and display ACTUAL car. After you get the report you will see full resolution photos.
Tech Specs
Body Style | SUV |
Color | White |
Color (Interior) | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 2.7 L |
Cylinders | 6 Cyl |
Drive | AWD |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
Extra Features
- Cold Weather Package
- Hidden text
- Heated Seats
- Hidden text
- Keyless Entry
- Hidden text
- Navigation System
- Hidden text
- Roof Rails
- Hidden text
Standard Features
All these features are based on a model in general. This specific vehicle may differ.
- 110V Power Outlet
- 6879
- 20 Inch Wheels
- 4782
- 4-Wheel Independent Suspension
- Hidden text
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Hidden text
- Adjustable Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Alloy Wheels
- Hidden text
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Hidden text
- Apple Carplay
- Hidden text
- Auto Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Automatic Headlights
- Hidden text
- Body Colored Bumpers
- Hidden text
- Bucket Seats
- Hidden text
- Compass
- Hidden text
- Delay-Off Headlights
- Hidden text
- Dual-Zone Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Emergency Communication System
- Hidden text
- Floor Mats
- Hidden text
- Front Airbags (Passenger)
- Hidden text
- Front Bucket Seats
- Hidden text
- Front Knee Airbags (Driver)
- Hidden text
- Front Side Airbags (Passenger)
- Hidden text
- Handsfree Power Liftgate
- Hidden text
- High-Beam Assist
- Hidden text
- Integrated Garage Door Opener
- Hidden text
- Lane Departure Warning
- Hidden text
- Leather Trimmed Seats
- Hidden text
- Overhead Console
- Hidden text
- Panorama Sunroof
- Hidden text
- Passenger Sensing Airbag
- Hidden text
- Power Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Power Steering
- Hidden text
- Rain-Sensing Wipers
- Hidden text
- Real-Time Traffic
- Hidden text
- Rear Center Armrest
- Hidden text
- Rear Parking Sensors
- Hidden text
- Rear Window Defroster
- Hidden text
- Rear-View Camera
- Hidden text
- Satellite Radio
- Hidden text
- SiriusXM Travel Link
- Hidden text
- Split/Folding Seats
- Hidden text
- Start-Stop System
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Memory
- Hidden text
- Tachometer
- Hidden text
- Thermometer
- Hidden text
- Touch-Screen Display
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Vanity Mirror/Light
- Hidden text
- Windshield Wiper Heater
- Hidden text
2019 FORD EDGE ST 4DR AWD
All photos above are REAL and display ACTUAL car. After you get the report you will see full resolution photos.
Tech Specs
Body Style | 4DR AWD |
Color | White |
Color (Interior) | Black |
Transmission | Automatic Transmission |
Engine | 2.7L 6CYL GASOLINE FUEL |
Drive | All Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
Extra Features
- BACK-UP CAMERA
- Hidden text
- COOLED SEATS
- Hidden text
- HD RADIO
- Hidden text
- MEMORY SEAT
- Hidden text
- ONSTAR
- Hidden text
- PARKING DISTANCE CONTROL (PDC)
- Hidden text
- SATELLITE RADIO SIRIUS
- Hidden text
- VOCAL ASSIST TELEMATICS
Standard Features
All these features are based on a model in general. This specific vehicle may differ.
- 5 PASSENGER
- Hidden text
- ACTIVE BLIND SPOT ASSIST
- Hidden text
- AIRBAG FRONT LEFT
- Hidden text
- AM/FM/CD
- Hidden text
- CRUISE CONTROL
- Hidden text
- ELECTRIC MIRRORS
- Hidden text
- FOG LIGHTS
- Hidden text
- MP3 CAPABILITY
- Hidden text
- POWER DRIVER SEAT
- Hidden text
- POWER LOCKS
- Hidden text
- POWER STEERING
- Hidden text
- REMOTE START
- Hidden text
- SIDE FRONT AIR BAGS
- Hidden text
- TRACTION CONTROL
- Hidden text
Model Analytics & Market Report
We've analyzed more than 134,900 sales records of this model and here are some numbers.
The average price for new (MSRP) 2019 FORD EDGE in 2019 was $39,485.
The average price for used 2019 FORD EDGE nowadays in 2024 is $19,998 which is 51% from the original price.
Estimated mileage driven per year is 11,664 miles.
For this model we also have depreciation curve, photos, list of features and options, and other analytics.
Take a look at 2019 FORD EDGE model page in BADVIN vehicles catalog.
Depreciation
The graph below is a depreciation curve for 2019 FORD EDGE. It shows how much this model looses per year in price. This analytics is calculated using sales records from BADVIN database.
The table below shows average price for used 2019 FORD EDGE in each year since the year of manufacturing, current year price and projected price in the future years.
You can scroll the table horizontally to see all columns.
Year | Average Mileage | Average Price | % Left | % Lost | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2019 MSRP | 0 mi | $39,485 | — | — | 100% | 0% |
2019 | 11,664 mi | $39,434 | +$51 | +0.13% | 99.87% | 0.13% |
2020 | 23,328 mi | $31,500 | +$7,934 | +20.12% | 79.78% | 20.22% |
2021 | 34,992 mi | $26,995 | +$4,505 | +14.3% | 68.37% | 31.63% |
2022 | 46,656 mi | $25,998 | +$997 | +3.69% | 65.84% | 34.16% |
2023 | 58,320 mi | $23,558 | +$2,440 | +9.39% | 59.66% | 40.34% |
→ Visit 2019 FORD EDGE depreciation page to see full data. |
Price vs Mileage
The graph below shows how mileage affects the price for 2019 FORD EDGE. This data was calculated using sales records from BADVIN database.
The table below shows average price for used 2019 FORD EDGE by mileage and number of sales.
You can scroll the table horizontally to see all columns.
Mileage | Average Price | Sample Size |
---|---|---|
10,000 mi | $23,998 | 22 sales |
15,000 mi | $24,992 | 46 sales |
20,000 mi | $23,999 | 66 sales |
25,000 mi | $24,595 | 92 sales |
30,000 mi | $23,499 | 171 sales |
35,000 mi | $23,496 | 184 sales |
→ Visit 2019 FORD EDGE depreciation page to see full data. |
Get FULL ACCESS to the vehicle history report and see all blurred info.
⭐ Read 206+ reviews from our customers who used BADVIN to avoid buying junk vehicles.
Testimonials from our customers
After a bad experience buying a used car that turned out to have major issues, I now use Bad VIN to thoroughly check every vehicle i consider. It costs a bit more than other services but the detailed records and photos of past sales are wotrh it for the added peace of mind.
As a first time used car buyer, I was nervous about getting ripped off. The vehicle report from badvin gave me so much more confidence - it confirmed the car had a clean history and the mileage lined up. Such a relief to have that peace of mind.
Was shopping for a used Range Rover and found one that seemed suspiciously cheap. The badVIN report revealed it had been in a major front end collision, with photos showing the damage. Steered clear of that one and saved myself a ton of headaches!!
I almost bought a used Honda but luckily checked the BadVin report first. Turned out it had a salvage title from flood damage that the seller didn't disclose. Phew, dodged a huge issue!
Frequently asked questions
Odometer history can show the progression of mileage and might highlight discrepancies such as rollbacks, aiding in fraud detection in the 2019 FORD vehicle’s history, if accurate records are available.
Warranty returns, if documented, are detailed with reasons for returns and repairs made, providing insight into past issues with the 2019 FORD vehicle.
Yes, the window sticker for 2019 FORD vehicles includes warranty information, detailing the coverage for various components and the duration of the warranty.
A VIN plays a crucial role in vehicle recalls for 2019 FORD by helping identify specific vehicles affected by manufacturing issues, ensuring that recall notices are sent to the correct owners.
To possibly get a vehicle history report by VIN, you can enter the VIN on our website's search tool; the availability and detail of the report will depend on the data accessible for that specific VIN.
A VIN decoder can reveal engine details such as the engine size, configuration, and fuel type, which are encoded in specific characters of the VIN.