2017 CHEVROLET COLORADOVIN: 1GCHTBEN7H1293928
Historical Records
Damage to rear
Damage to front
Tire repaired
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 8682 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Jasper, IN, 47546 |
Date | appeared a year ago latest price $4677 sale post disappeared 2023-01-19 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Body Style | Pickup Truck |
Color | Black |
Color (Interior) | Jet Black / Dark Ash |
Transmission | 8-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 3.6L V6 24V GDI DOHC |
Drive | Four-wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- 3.42 rear axle ratio
- 6184
- AM/FM Stereo
- Hidden text
- Center Console: Full with covered storage
- Hidden text
- Delay-Off Headlights
- Hidden text
- Dusk sensing headlights
- Hidden text
- Front Bucket Seats
- Hidden text
- Front suspension stabilizer bar
- Hidden text
- Independent front suspension classification
- Hidden text
- Manufacturer's 0-60mph acceleration time (seconds): 7.7 s
- Hidden text
- Passenger vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Room: 36.7"
- Hidden text
- Rigid axle rear suspension
- Hidden text
- Stability controll with anti-roll
- Hidden text
- Total Number of Speakers: 6
- Hidden text
- Variable intermittent front wipers
- Hidden text
- Wt Convenience Package
- Hidden text
- 4 Door
- 1692
- Air Conditioning
- Hidden text
- Chrome beltline moldings
- Hidden text
- Diameter of tires: 16.0"
- Hidden text
- Electronic Automatic Cruise Control
- Hidden text
- Front Center Armrest
- Hidden text
- Fuel Capacity: 21.0 gal.
- Hidden text
- Instrumentation: Low fuel level
- Hidden text
- Occupant Sensing Airbag
- Hidden text
- Power Driver Seat
- Hidden text
- Rear Hip Room: 52.2"
- Hidden text
- Seatbelt pretensioners: Front
- Hidden text
- Suspension class: Regular
- Hidden text
- Tow/Haul Mode
- Hidden text
- Variably Intermittent Wipers
- Hidden text
- ***Local Trade***
- 2098
- ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- Body-colored bumpers
- Hidden text
- Cupholders: Front and rear
- Hidden text
- Driver airbag
- Hidden text
- Floor mats: Carpet front and rear
- Hidden text
- Front Shoulder Room: 57.5"
- Hidden text
- Halogen aero-composite headlights
- Hidden text
- Manual driver mirror adjustment
- Hidden text
- Passenger Airbag
- Hidden text
- Radio data system
- Hidden text
- Rear jump seat
- Hidden text
- Speed-proportional electric power steering
- Hidden text
- Tires: Profile: 70
- Hidden text
- Unauthorized Entry Theft-Deterrent System
- Hidden text
- Wheels: 16 X 7 Ultra Silver Metallic Cast Alloy
- 1798
- 4.10 Rear Axle Ratio
- Hidden text
- Automatic Locking Rear Differential
- Hidden text
- Cloth seat trim
- Hidden text
- Door reinforcement: Side-impact door beam
- Hidden text
- Extended range remote keyless entry
- Hidden text
- Front independent suspension
- Hidden text
- Fuel Type: Regular unleaded
- Hidden text
- Leaf Rear Suspension
- Hidden text
- Overall Width: 74.3"
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Rear step bumper
- Hidden text
- Silver steel rims
- Hidden text
- Tilt-adjustable steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Wheel Diameter: 16
- Hidden text
- 1 USB port
- 8560
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Bucket Front Seats
- Hidden text
- Curb weight: 4,167 lbs.
- Hidden text
- Dual Front Impact Airbags
- Hidden text
- Fold-up cushion rear seats
- Hidden text
- Front ventilated disc brakes
- Hidden text
- Headlights off auto delay
- Hidden text
- Manual front air conditioning
- Hidden text
- Passenger Door Bin
- Hidden text
- Radio: AM/FM Stereo W/4.2 Diagonal Color Display
- Hidden text
- Regular front stabilizer bar
- Hidden text
- Split folding rear seat
- Hidden text
- Tires: Speed Rating: S
- Hidden text
- Urethane shift knob trim
- Hidden text
- Wheels: 16 X 7 Ultra Silver Metallic Steel
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 1998 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Jasper, IN, 47546 |
Date | appeared 2 years ago latest price $2307 sale post disappeared 2021-02-04 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Body Style | Pickup Truck |
Color | Black |
Color (Interior) | Jet Black / Dark Ash |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 3.6L V6 24V GDI DOHC |
Drive | Four-wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- 1st and 2nd row curtain head airbags
- Hidden text
- Automatic locking hubs
- Hidden text
- Cupholders: Front and rear
- Hidden text
- Dusk sensing headlights
- Hidden text
- Front independent suspension
- Hidden text
- Fuel Type: Regular unleaded
- Hidden text
- Leaf Rear Suspension
- Hidden text
- Overall Width: 74.3"
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Room: 36.7"
- Hidden text
- Regular front stabilizer bar
- Hidden text
- Silver steel rims
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System: Tire specific
- Hidden text
- Two 12V DC power outlets
- Hidden text
- Wheel Width: 7
- 6344
- AM/FM Stereo
- Hidden text
- Clock: In-radio display
- Hidden text
- Door pockets: Driver, passenger and rear
- Hidden text
- Front Bucket Seats
- Includes 4-Way Power Driver Seat Adjuster With Manual Recline
- 2-Way Manual Front Passenger Seat Adjuster Is Included On Wt And LT Models
- Z71 Adds A Standard 4-Way Power Front Passenger Seat Adjuster
- Hidden text
- Fuel Capacity: 21.0 gal.
- Hidden text
- Instrumentation: Low fuel level
- Hidden text
- Manual passenger mirror adjustment
- Hidden text
- Power Windows
- Hidden text
- Rear Vision Camera
- Captures Live Images Of The Area Immediately Behind Your Truck And Displays Them On Your Vehicle'S Display Screen To Give You Greater Confidence When Backing Up
- When You Shift Into Reverse
- Hidden text
- Seatbelt pretensioners: Front
- Hidden text
- Tachometer
- Hidden text
- Total Number of Speakers: 6
- Hidden text
- Vehicle Emissions: LEV3-ULEV70
- Hidden text
- 1 USB port
- 3043
- Audio system memory card slot
- Hidden text
- Coil front spring
- Hidden text
- Driver airbag
- Hidden text
- Front Hip Room: 55.0"
- Hidden text
- Fuel Consumption: Highway: 24 mpg
- Hidden text
- Leaf rear spring
- Hidden text
- Overall Length: 212.7"
- Hidden text
- Radio data system
- Hidden text
- Rear jump seat
- Hidden text
- Side airbag
- Hidden text
- Tilt-adjustable steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Wheel Diameter: 16
- 3743
- Aluminum spare wheel rim
- Hidden text
- Cloth seat upholstery
- Hidden text
- Door reinforcement: Side-impact door beam
- Hidden text
- Front Head Room: 41.4"
- Hidden text
- Fuel Consumption: City: 19 mpg
- Hidden text
- Integrated Roof Antenna
- Hidden text
- Manufacturer's 0-60mph acceleration time (seconds): 7.7 s
- Hidden text
- Privacy glass: Light
- Hidden text
- Rear door type: Tailgate
- Hidden text
- Short And Long Arm Front Suspension
- Hidden text
- The Camera Is Activated And The Live-Feed Image Appears In Your Display
- Dynamic Guide Lines Provide A Reference That Helps Make Parking And Other Maneuvers
- Hidden text
- Transmission hill holder
- Hidden text
- Video Monitor Location: Front
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 6074 mi |
Condition | Hidden text |
Seller | Hidden text |
Location | Jasper, IN, 47546 |
Date | appeared 2 years ago latest price $4204 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Body Style | Pickup |
Color | Black |
Color (Interior) | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 3.6 L |
Cylinders | 6 Cyl |
Drive | 4WD |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- 18 Inch Wheels
- Hidden text
- Bucket Seats
- Hidden text
- Folding Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Locking Differential
- Hidden text
- Towing Package
- Hidden text
- 16 Inch Wheels
- 8521
- 6 Speakers
- Hidden text
- Adjustable Seats
- Hidden text
- Air Conditioning
- Hidden text
- Alloy Spare Wheel Rim
- Hidden text
- Anti-Theft System
- Hidden text
- Aux Audio Adapter
- Hidden text
- Body Colored Door Handles
- Hidden text
- Cargo Area Light
- Hidden text
- Chrome Bumpers
- Hidden text
- Color Coded Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Console
- Hidden text
- Daytime Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Front Bucket Seats
- Hidden text
- Front Side Airbags (Passenger)
- Hidden text
- Halogen Headlights
- Hidden text
- Inside Rear-View Mirror - Manual Day/Night
- Hidden text
- OnStar Communication System
- Hidden text
- Passenger Sensing Airbag
- Hidden text
- Power Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Rear-View Camera
- Hidden text
- Satellite Radio
- Hidden text
- Spotter Mirrors
- Hidden text
- Step Bumper
- Hidden text
- Tow Hooks
- Hidden text
- Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Urethane Steering Wheel Trim
- Hidden text
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 1622 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
MSRP | $5326 |
Location | Mount Juliet, TN, 37122 |
Date | ended 2 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Color | Black |
Color (Interior) | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 6 Cylinder |
Drive | 4 Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- ABS
- Hidden text
- CornerStep, rear bumper
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted front (Deleted when (B38) full-length Black vinyl floor covering is ordered. Requires (B30) color-keyed carpeting floor covering.)
- Hidden text
- Mirrors, outside remote with manual-folding, Black
- Hidden text
- Rear axle, 4.10 ratio (Requires (LCV) 2.5L I4 engine. Not included on Crew Cab models.)
- 8183
- Air conditioning, single-zone manual climate control
- Hidden text
- Daytime running lamps
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, carpeted rear (Requires (B30) color-keyed carpeting floor covering.)
- Hidden text
- Moldings, Black beltline
- Hidden text
- Recovery hooks, front (Deleted when (PDZ) Chrome Appearance Package, LPO is ordered.)
- Hidden text
- Back-Up Camera
- Hidden text
- Door handles, Black
- Hidden text
- GVWR, 5600 lbs. (2540 kg) (Standard on Extended Cab models with (LCV) 2.5L I4 engine only.)
- Hidden text
- Passenger Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Seats, dual rear with underseat storage (Extended Cab models only.)
- Hidden text
- Temporary Spare Tire
- Hidden text
- Wheel, compact spare, 18" x 4.5" (45.7 cm x 11.4 cm) Black cast aluminum (Standard with (LCV) 2.5L I4 engine only. Not included on Crew Cab models.)
- Hidden text
- Audio system feature, 6-speaker system
- Hidden text
- Daytime Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Front Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster, driver 4-way power with manual recline
- Hidden text
- Tailgate, locking
- Hidden text
- Transfer case, electric, 2-speed
- Hidden text
- Automatic Headlights
- Hidden text
- Display, driver instrument information enhanced, one color
- Hidden text
- Front Side Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag Sensor
- Hidden text
- Seat adjuster, passenger 2-way manual fore/aft with manual recline
- Hidden text
- Teen Driver mode a configurable feature that lets you activate customizable vehicle settings associated with a key fob, to encourage safe driving behavior. It can limit certain vehicle features, and it prevents certain safety systems from being turned off. An in-vehicle report gives you information on your teen's driving habits and helps you to continue to coach your new driver
- Hidden text
- Visors, driver and front passenger with passenger vanity mirror
- Hidden text
- Steering wheel, urethane
- Hidden text
- Traction Control
- Hidden text
- StabiliTrak, stability control system
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitor
- Hidden text
- Windows, power with driver Express-Up and Down
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 1997 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Columbus, MS, 39705 |
Date | appeared 4 years ago latest price $2069 sale post disappeared 2021-08-11 |
Price History | |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Color | Black |
Color (Interior) | Jet Black |
Transmission | 8-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 6-Cylinder |
Drive | 4 wheel drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- Air Conditioning - Front
- Hidden text
- Body side reinforcements
- Hidden text
- Driver information system
- Hidden text
- Front 12v Power Outlet(S)
- Hidden text
- Inside Rearview Mirror Manual Day/Night
- Hidden text
- Power Steering Speed-Proportional
- Hidden text
- Seatbelts Seatbelt Warning Sensor: Driver And Passenger
- Hidden text
- ABS Brakes (4-Wheel)
- Hidden text
- Audio - Antenna: Mast
- Hidden text
- Clock
- Hidden text
- Exterior Mirrors Manual
- Hidden text
- Fuel Economy Display Range
- Hidden text
- Passenger Seat Manual Adjustments: 2
- Hidden text
- Airbags - Passenger - Occupant Sensing Deactivation
- Hidden text
- Cargo Bed Light
- Hidden text
- Drivetrain 4WD Type: Part Time
- Hidden text
- Front Suspension Classification: Independent
- Hidden text
- Number Of Front Headrests 2
- Hidden text
- Reading Lights Front
- Hidden text
- Seats Front Seat Type: Bucket
- Hidden text
- Trip Odometer 2
- Hidden text
- Air Conditioning - Front - Single Zone
- Hidden text
- Auto-Lock
- Hidden text
- Doors Side Door Type: Dual Rear-Hinged Access Doors
- Hidden text
- Floor Mat Material Carpet
- Hidden text
- Headlights Halogen
- Hidden text
- Power Door Locks Anti-Lockout Feature
- Hidden text
- Seatbelts Seatbelt Pretensioners: Front
- Hidden text
- Towing And Hauling Tow Hooks: Front
- Hidden text
- Airbags - Front - Dual
- Hidden text
- Audio Auxiliary Input: Jack
- Hidden text
- Daytime Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Exterior Mirrors Manual Folding
- Hidden text
- Headlights Auto Delay Off
- Hidden text
- Passenger Seat Manual Adjustments: Recline
- Hidden text
- Seatbelts Emergency Locking Retractors: Front
- Hidden text
- Suspension Stabilizer Bar(S): Front
- Hidden text
- Warnings And Reminders Maintenance Reminder
- Hidden text
- Warnings And Reminders Low Fuel Level
- Hidden text
- Rear step bumper
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Tilt-Adjustable
- Hidden text
- Warnings And Reminders Low Oil Level
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 3397 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $9037 |
Location | Columbus, MS, 39702 |
Date | ended 4 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Color | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Drive | 4 Wheel Drive |
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 9423 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $4622 |
Location | Columbus, MS, 39702 |
Date | ended 4 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Color | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Drive | 4 Wheel Drive |
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 2642 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $6372 |
Location | Columbus, MS, 39702 |
Date | ended 4 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Color | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Drive | 4 Wheel Drive |
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 4277 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $3878 |
Location | Columbus, MS, 39702 |
Date | ended 4 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Color | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Drive | 4 Wheel Drive |
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 3053 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $4609 |
Location | Columbus, MS, 39702 |
Date | ended 5 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Color | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Drive | 4 Wheel Drive |
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 6728 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Buy Now Price | $3218 |
Location | Columbus, MS, 39702 |
Date | ended 5 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Color | Black |
Transmission | Automatic |
Drive | 4 Wheel Drive |
Sale Record
Year | 2017 |
ODO | 3707 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
Location | Nashville, TN, 37210 |
Date | ended 5 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Body Style | Extended Cab |
Color | Black |
Engine | 6 Cylinder |
Drive | 4 Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
Model Analytics & Market Report
Depreciation
Year | Average Mileage | Average Price | % Left | % Lost | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 MSRP | 0 mi | $34,770 | — | — | 100% | 0% |
2017 | 10,619 mi | $42,985 | −$8,215 | −23.63% | 123.63% | -23.63% |
2018 | 21,238 mi | $40,720 | +$2,265 | +5.27% | 117.11% | -17.11% |
2019 | 31,857 mi | $33,550 | +$7,170 | +17.61% | 96.49% | 3.51% |
2020 | 42,476 mi | $28,990 | +$4,560 | +13.59% | 83.38% | 16.62% |
2021 | 53,095 mi | $27,225 | +$1,765 | +6.09% | 78.3% | 21.7% |
→ Visit 2017 CHEVROLET COLORADO depreciation page to see full data. |
Price vs Mileage
Mileage | Average Price | Sample Size |
---|---|---|
10,000 mi | $28,243 | 22 sales |
15,000 mi | $28,799 | 47 sales |
20,000 mi | $27,475 | 65 sales |
25,000 mi | $28,000 | 95 sales |
30,000 mi | $27,500 | 147 sales |
35,000 mi | $26,995 | 191 sales |
→ Visit 2017 CHEVROLET COLORADO depreciation page to see full data. |
VIN Decoder — 50 records
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) means a portion of a service brake system that automatically controls the degree of rotational wheel slip during braking by: (1) Sensing the rate of angular rotation of the wheels; (2) Transmitting signals regarding the rate of wheel angular rotation to one or more controlling devices that interpret those signals and generate responsive controlling output signals; and (3) Transmitting those controlling signals to one or more modulator devices that adjust brake actuating forces in response to those signals.
An auto-reverse system enables power windows and sunroofs on motor vehicles to automatically reverse direction when such power windows and panels detect an obstruction. This feature can prevent children and others from being trapped, injured, or killed by the power windows and sunroofs.
ESC is a computerized technology that improves a vehicle's stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction (skidding). When ESC detects loss of steering control, it automatically applies the brakes to help steer the vehicle in the driver's intended direction. Braking is automatically applied to wheels individually, such as the outer front wheel to counter oversteer, or the inner rear wheel to counter understeer. Some ESC systems also reduce engine power until control is regained.
When the traction control computer detects a driven wheel or wheels spinning significantly faster than another, it invokes an electronic control unit to apply brake friction to wheels spinning due to loss of traction. This braking action on slipping wheels will cause power transfer to the wheels with traction due to the mechanical action within the differential.
A backup camera, also known as a rearview video system, helps prevent back-over crashes and protects our most vulnerable people - children and senior citizens - by providing an image of the area behind the vehicle. A backup camera helps the driver see behind the vehicle while in reverse.
DRL is an automotive lighting system on the front of a vehicle or bicycle, that automatically switches on when the vehicle is in drive, and emits white, yellow, or amber light to increase the conspicuity of the vehicle during daylight conditions.
A semi-automatic headlamp beam switching device provides automatic or manual control of beam switching at the option of the driver. When the control is automatic, the headlamps switch from the upper beam to the lower beam when illuminated by the headlamps on an approaching car and switch back to the upper beam when the road ahead is dark. When the control is manual, the driver may obtain either beam manually regardless of the condition of lights ahead of the vehicle.
Engine displacement (in cubic centimeters) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
Engine displacement (in cubic inches) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
Engine displacement (in liters) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
Engine configuration defines how engine cylinders are arranged. Common values are V6 for V-shaped arrangement, I4 or L4 for in-line arrangement.
This is a numerical field to store the number of cylinders in an engine. Common values for passenger cars are 4 or 6.
Body Class presents the body type based on 49 CFR 565.12(b): "Body type means the general configuration or shape of a vehicle distinguished by such characteristics as the number of doors or windows, cargo-carrying features and the roofline (e.g., sedan, fastback, hatchback)." Definitions are not provided for individual body types in the regulation.
Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) is the maximum operating weight of a vehicle including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers and cargo, but excluding that of the trailers. Per 49 CFR 565.15, Class 1 is further broken down to Class A-D; Class 2 is further broken down to Class E-H. This field captures the lower bound of GVWR range for the vehicle.
Cab type applies to both pickup truck and other medium- and heavy-duty trucks. The cab or cabin of a truck is the inside space in a truck where the driver is seated. For pickup trucks, the cab type is categorized by the combination number of doors and number of rows for seating. For medium- and heavy-duty trucks (MDHD), the cab type is categorized by the relative location of engine and cab.
For pickup trucks, there are four cab types.
- Regular: 2 door, 1 row of seats
- Extra/Super/Quad/Double/King/Extended: 2 doors, 2 rows of seats
- Crew/Super Crew/Crew Max: 4 doors, 2 rows of seats
- Mega: 4 doors, 2 rows of seats (with a bigger cabin than crew cab type)
For medium- and heavy-duty (MDHD) trucks, there are several categories as listed below.
- Cab Beside Engine
- CAE: Cab Above Engine
- CBE: Cab Behind Engine
- COE: Cab Over Engine or Flat Nose: Driver sits on top of the front axle and engine
- LCF: Low Cab Forward
- Conventional: Driver sits behind the engine
- Non-Tilt
- Tilt
Base price of the vehicle is the cost of a new vehicle with only the standard equipment and factory warranty. It is the cost without any optional packages.
Per 49 CFR 565, Model means a name that a manufacturer applies to a family of vehicles of the same type, make, line, series and body type.
If the model year (MY) is supplied when the VIN is decoded, such as from a crash report or a vehicle registration record, the MY value will be the supplied MY, even if the MY decoded from the VIN differs from the supplied MY. If the MY is not supplied when the VIN is decoded, the MY value will be decoded from the 10th character in the VIN.
This data element captures the city of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the name of the company that owns the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the country of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the State or Province name within the Plant Country of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This field captures the location of curtain air bags. Curtain air bags are side air bags that protect the head.