![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0](https://i5.badvin.org/631369533d6a406a19a2aeea/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0-ea2aae.jpg?uid=gst631369533d6a406a19a2aeea)
2016 BUICK VERANOVIN: 1G4PW5SK4G4140124
Historical Records
Vandalism damage reported
Damage to front
Titled or registered as lease vehicle
REBUILT TITLE ISSUED
Year | 2016 |
ODO | 3666 mi |
Seller | Hidden text |
MSRP | $5796 |
Location | Atlanta, GA, 30331 |
Date | ended 2 years ago |
Sale Website Type | dealer auction |
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0](https://i5.badvin.org/631369533d6a406a19a2aeea/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0.jpg?uid=gst631369533d6a406a19a2aeea)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1](https://i5.badvin.org/631369533d6a406a19a2aeeb/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1.jpg?uid=gst631369533d6a406a19a2aeeb)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-2](https://i5.badvin.org/631369533d6a406a19a2aeec/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-2.jpg?uid=gst631369533d6a406a19a2aeec)
Color | Blue |
Color (Interior) | Gray |
Transmission | Automatic |
Engine | 4 Cylinder |
Drive | 2 Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- Adjustable Steering Wheel
- Hidden text
- Auto-Dimming Rearview Mirror
- Hidden text
- Cloth Seats
- Hidden text
- Door locks, power with lock-out protection
- Hidden text
- Fog Lamps
- Hidden text
- Headlamps, halogen composite projector beam with blue translucent ring with flash-to-pass feature, automatic on and off, automatic delay and warning buzzer
- Hidden text
- Keyless Entry
- Hidden text
- Mirrors, outside heated, power-adjustable, body-color manual-folding, activates on remote start in 45 degrees or below
- Hidden text
- Passenger Vanity Mirror
- Hidden text
- Rear Bench Seat
- Hidden text
- Remote Trunk Release
- Hidden text
- Seats, heated driver and front passenger with 3 warmth settings, adaptive and activates on remote start in 45 degrees or below
- Hidden text
- Steering wheel controls, mounted audio and cruise controls
- Hidden text
- Tires - Front Performance
- 6659
- Air conditioning, dual-zone automatic climate control with individual climate settings for driver and right-front passenger, activates on remote start
- Hidden text
- Automatic Headlights
- Hidden text
- Coat hooks, driver- and passenger-side rear
- Hidden text
- Door locks, rear child security
- Hidden text
- Fog lamps, front, halogen
- Hidden text
- Headrest, rear center
- Hidden text
- Knee Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Moldings, bright, window surround
- Hidden text
- Power Door Locks
- Hidden text
- Rear Defrost
- Hidden text
- Remote vehicle starter system
- Hidden text
- Security System
- Hidden text
- Steering wheel, leather-wrapped with chrome trim plate bezel, 3-spoke
- Hidden text
- A/C
- Hidden text
- Audio system feature, display, 7" diagonal, touch-screen, color, located on center stack
- Hidden text
- Climate Control
- Hidden text
- Door handles, body-color
- Hidden text
- Floor mats, color-keyed carpeted front and rear (fronts include anchors)
- Hidden text
- Headlamp control, automatic on and off
- Hidden text
- Key, primary foldable, additional foldable
- Hidden text
- Mirror, inside rearview auto-dimming
- Hidden text
- Passenger Illuminated Visor Mirror
- Hidden text
- QuietTuning Buick exclusive process that consists of laminated front and side glass along with numerous noise canceling acoustic treatments to reduce, block and absorb noise and vibration to create a quiet interior cabin
- Hidden text
- Remote Keyless Entry, extended range with lock control
- Hidden text
- Seat, rear 60-40 split-folding with adjustable head restraints for outboard seating positions and integrated headrest for center seating position
- Hidden text
- Steering column, tilt and telescopic
- Hidden text
- Tire, T115/70R16, blackwall, compact spare
- Hidden text
- Visors, driver and front passenger illuminated vanity mirrors, covered
- Hidden text
- Alternator, 130 amps
- Hidden text
- Axle, 3.23 final drive ratio
- Hidden text
- Console, Floor, Center With Sliding Armrest Storage, Smartphone Storage, Front And Rear 12-Volt Auxiliary Power Outlets, Dual Cup Holders, USB Port, And Auxiliary Jack
- Hidden text
- Driver Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Front Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Heat ducts, rear floor
- Hidden text
- LATCH system (Lower Anchors and Top tethers for CHildren) for child safety seats in all 3 rear seating positions
- Hidden text
- Multi-Zone A/C
- Hidden text
- Power Driver Seat
- Hidden text
- Rear Head Air Bag
- Hidden text
- Safety belts, 3-point, driver and front passenger, height-adjustable includes pretensioners and load limiters
- Hidden text
- Sensor, humidity and windshield temperature
- Hidden text
- Steering, power, electric rack mounted
- Hidden text
- Tires, P235/45R18, all-season, blackwall
- Hidden text
- WiFi Hotspot
- Hidden text
- Air bags, frontal and knee for driver and front passenger, side-impact seat-mounted and roof rail for front and rear outboard seating positions includes Passenger Sensing System (Always use safety belts and child restraints. Children are safer when properly secured in a rear seat in the appropriate child restraint. See the Owner's Manual for more information.)
- Hidden text
- Audio system feature, auxiliary input jack, located in center console
- Hidden text
- Child Safety Locks
- Hidden text
- Display, driver instrument information enhanced, one color
- Hidden text
- Floor Mats
- Hidden text
- Head restraints, 2-way adjustable (up/down), front
- Hidden text
- Intermittent Wipers
- Hidden text
- Map pocket, front passenger seatback
- Hidden text
- Passenger Air Bag Sensor
- Hidden text
- Power outlet, rear auxiliary, 12-volt located on the back of the center console
- Hidden text
- Remote Engine Start
- Hidden text
- Seat trim, premium cloth Ribbon inserts with leatherette bolsters
- Hidden text
- Steering Wheel Audio Controls
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitor
- Hidden text
- Variable Speed Intermittent Wipers
- Hidden text
- Wipers, front intermittent, variable
- Hidden text
- Wheel, 16" x 4" (40.6 cm x 10.2 cm) steel, compact spare
- Hidden text
- Tires - Rear Performance
- Hidden text
- Wheels, 18" (45.7 cm) aluminum alloy with Black pockets
- Hidden text
- Window, power with front passenger Express-Down
Year | 2016 |
ODO | 8719 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Lithia Springs, GA, 30122 |
Date | appeared 5 years ago latest price $4249 sale post disappeared 2021-02-22 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | Blue |
Color (Interior) | Medium Titanium |
Transmission | 6-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 2.4L I4 16V GDI DOHC |
Drive | FWD |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- Air Conditioning
- Hidden text
- Leatherette & Cloth
- Hidden text
- ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- Flex Fuel Vehicle
- Hidden text
- AM/FM Stereo
- Hidden text
- Navigation System
- Hidden text
- Side airbags
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth
- Hidden text
- Power Locks
- Hidden text
- Satellite radio ready
- Hidden text
- Siriusxm Trial Avail,
- Hidden text
- Blind Spot Monitor
- Hidden text
- Parking Sensors
- Hidden text
- Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Braking Assist
- Hidden text
- Driver and passenger knee airbags
- Hidden text
- Fuel Consumption: City: 21 mpg
- Hidden text
- Manufacturer's 0-60mph acceleration time (seconds): 7.7 s
- Hidden text
- Rear bench
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth Wireless Phone Connectivity
- Hidden text
- Driver And Passenger Heated-Cushion
- Hidden text
- Bucket Front Seats
- Hidden text
- Dual front air conditioning zones
- Hidden text
- Fuel Consumption: Highway: 32 mpg
- Hidden text
- Simulated wood/metal-look door trim
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Audio controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Cargo area light
- Hidden text
- Power remote trunk release
- Hidden text
- Front Ventilated disc brakes,1st and 2nd row curtain head airbags
- Hidden text
- Heated driver mirror
- Hidden text
- OnStar Guidance
- Hidden text
- Side airbag
- Hidden text
- Silver w/painted accents aluminum rims
- Hidden text
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Tilt and telescopic steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Wheel Diameter: 18
- Hidden text
- Tachometer
- Hidden text
- Front fog/driving lights
- Hidden text
- In-Dash single CD player
- Hidden text
- Video Monitor Location: Front
- Hidden text
- Radio data system
- Hidden text
- Remote Engine Start
- Hidden text
- Stability Control
- Hidden text
- Driver And Passenger Heated-Seatback
- Hidden text
- Heated passenger mirror
- Hidden text
- Passenger Airbag
- Hidden text
- Remote activated exterior entry lights
- Hidden text
- Speed Sensitive Audio Volume Control
- Hidden text
- Wheel Width: 8
Year | 2016 |
ODO | 8295 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Kennesaw, GA, 30144 |
Date | appeared 5 years ago latest price $4862 sale post disappeared 2023-11-22 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0](https://i3.badvin.org/5d39269321fc291bde0d6807/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0.jpg)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1](https://i3.badvin.org/5d39269321fc291bde0d680d/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1.jpg)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-2](https://i3.badvin.org/5d39269321fc291bde0d6813/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-2.jpg)
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | Blue |
Color (Interior) | Medium Titanium |
Transmission | 6-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 2.4L I4 16V GDI DOHC |
Drive | FWD |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- Automatic Transmission
- Hidden text
- ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- Flex Fuel Vehicle
- Hidden text
- CD Audio
- Hidden text
- Power Seat(S)
- Hidden text
- Bose Sound System
- Hidden text
- Alloy Wheels
- Hidden text
- Lane Departure Warning
- Hidden text
- Remote start
- Hidden text
- Parking Sensors
- Hidden text
- Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Rear defroster
- Hidden text
- Side airbags
- Hidden text
- Satellite radio ready
- Hidden text
- Cargo area light
- Hidden text
- Dual illuminated vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- Automatic front air conditioning
- Hidden text
- Digital Audio Input
- Hidden text
- Front and rear reading lights
- Hidden text
- Leather/chrome steering wheel trim
- Hidden text
- Privacy glass: Light
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth Wireless Phone Connectivity
- Hidden text
- Driver And Passenger Heated-Cushion
- Hidden text
- Audio controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Cruise controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Fold forward seatback rear seats
- Hidden text
- Interior air filtration
- Hidden text
- Braking Assist
- Hidden text
- Driver and passenger knee airbags
- Hidden text
- Fuel Consumption: City: 21 mpg
- Hidden text
- Manufacturer's 0-60mph acceleration time (seconds): 7.7 s
- Hidden text
- Rear bench
- Hidden text
- Simulated wood/metal-look door trim
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Simulated wood/metal-look center console trim
- Hidden text
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System: Tire specific
- Hidden text
- Front fog/driving lights
- Hidden text
- In-Dash single CD player
- Hidden text
- MP3 Player
- Hidden text
- Power remote driver mirror adjustment
- Hidden text
- Radio data system
- Hidden text
- Max cargo ca
- Hidden text
- Rear spoiler: Lip
- Hidden text
- Silver w/painted accents aluminum rims
- Hidden text
- Stability Control
- Hidden text
- Total Number of Speakers: 6
- Hidden text
- Rear seats center armrest
- Hidden text
- Wheel Diameter: 18
- Hidden text
- SiriusXM AM/FM/Satellite Radio
- Hidden text
- Video Monitor Location: Front
Year | 2016 |
ODO | 1568 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Stockbridge, GA, 30281 |
Date | appeared 5 years ago latest price $4970 sale post disappeared 2020-08-21 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0](https://i3.badvin.org/5d0ac87e74906945ee58482e/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0.jpg)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1](https://i3.badvin.org/5d0ac87e74906945ee58487b/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1.jpg)
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | Blue |
Color (Interior) | Medium Titanium |
Transmission | 6-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 2.4L I4 16V GDI DOHC |
Drive | FWD |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- Flex Fuel Vehicle
- Hidden text
- AM/FM Stereo
- Hidden text
- Front Seat Heaters
- Hidden text
- Alloy Wheels
- Hidden text
- Navigation System
- Hidden text
- Side airbags
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth
- Hidden text
- Power Locks
- Hidden text
- Rear defroster
- Hidden text
- Rear Spoiler
- Hidden text
- Air Conditioning
- Hidden text
- Leatherette & Cloth
- Hidden text
- Satellite radio ready
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Compass
- Hidden text
- Electrochromatic rearview mirror
- Hidden text
- In-Dash single CD player
- Hidden text
- Power remote passenger mirror adjustment
- Hidden text
- Side airbag
- Hidden text
- Audio System Premium Brand: IntelliLink
- Hidden text
- Cloth/leatherette seat upholstery
- Hidden text
- Electric Power Steering
- Hidden text
- Heated passenger mirror
- Hidden text
- Power remote driver mirror adjustment
- Hidden text
- Remote power door locks
- 4930
- Audio controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Daytime Running Lights
- Hidden text
- Front ventilated disc brakes
- Hidden text
- Leather/chrome shift knob trim
- Hidden text
- Privacy glass: Light
- Hidden text
- Simulated wood/metal-look dash trim
- Hidden text
- Total Number of Speakers: 6
- Hidden text
- Video Monitor Location: Front
- Hidden text
- Suspension class: Regular
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- 7624
- Bluetooth Wireless Phone Connectivity
- Hidden text
- Driver and passenger knee airbags
- Hidden text
- External temperature display
- Hidden text
- Fuel Consumption: City: 21 mpg
- Hidden text
- IntelliLink
- Hidden text
- Manufacturer's 0-60mph acceleration time (seconds): 7.7 s
- Hidden text
- Power remote trunk release
- Hidden text
- Rear seats center armrest
- Hidden text
- Silver w/painted accents aluminum rims
- Hidden text
- SiriusXM Satellite Radio(TM)
- Hidden text
- Tilt and telescopic steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Wheel Diameter: 18
- Hidden text
- Speed Sensitive Audio Volume Control
- Hidden text
- Wheel Width: 8
Year | 2016 |
ODO | 6999 mi |
Seller | Hidden text (Hidden text) |
Location | Knoxville, TN, 37934 |
Date | appeared 5 years ago latest price $4887 sale post disappeared 2022-12-10 |
Sale Website Type | classifieds |
Notes | |
Hidden text |
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0](https://i.badvin.org/5ce221bbc15b5744e8b0054d/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0.jpg)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1](https://i.badvin.org/5ce221bbc15b5744e8b0054f/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1.jpg)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-2](https://i.badvin.org/5ce221bbc15b5744e8b00551/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-2.jpg)
Body Style | Sedan |
Color | Blue |
Color (Interior) | Medium Titanium |
Transmission | 6-Speed Automatic |
Engine | 2.4L I4 16V GDI DOHC |
Drive | FWD |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- Flex Fuel Vehicle
- Hidden text
- Bluetooth
- Hidden text
- Alloy Wheels
- Hidden text
- Automatic Transmission
- Hidden text
- Overhead Airbags
- Hidden text
- Remote start
- Hidden text
- Navigation System
- Hidden text
- Front Seat Heaters
- Hidden text
- Parking Sensors
- Hidden text
- Rear Spoiler
- Hidden text
- Air Conditioning
- Hidden text
- Leatherette & Cloth
- Hidden text
- Satellite radio ready
- Hidden text
- Cargo area light
- Hidden text
- Dual illuminated vanity mirrors
- Hidden text
- Heated driver mirror
- Hidden text
- OnStar Guidance
- Hidden text
- Audio controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Cruise control,4-wheel ABS Brakes
- Hidden text
- External temperature display
- Hidden text
- IntelliLink
- Hidden text
- Rear spoiler: Lip
- Hidden text
- SiriusXM Satellite Radio(TM)
- Hidden text
- Rear bench
- Hidden text
- Tilt and telescopic steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Simulated wood/metal-look door trim
- Hidden text
- Trip Computer
- Hidden text
- Audio system security
- Hidden text
- Bucket Front Seats
- Hidden text
- Cruise controls on steering wheel
- Hidden text
- Dual front air conditioning zones
- Hidden text
- Fuel Consumption: Highway: 32 mpg
- Hidden text
- Max cargo ca
- Hidden text
- Rear seats center armrest
- Hidden text
- SiriusXM AM/FM/Satellite Radio
- Hidden text
- Electrochromatic rearview mirror
- Hidden text
- In-Dash single CD player
- Hidden text
- Power remote driver mirror adjustment
- Hidden text
- Remote Engine Start
- Hidden text
- Stability Control
- Hidden text
- Video Monitor Location: Front
- Hidden text
- ABS And Driveline Traction Control
- Hidden text
- Cloth/leatherette seat upholstery
- Hidden text
- Electric Power Steering
- Hidden text
- Heated passenger mirror
- Hidden text
- Passenger Airbag
- Hidden text
- Remote activated exterior entry lights
- Hidden text
- Speed Sensitive Audio Volume Control
- Hidden text
- Wheel Width: 8
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0](https://i3.badvin.org/5cee03bdef4d095c72e8735b/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-0.jpg)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1](https://i3.badvin.org/5cee03bdef4d095c72e87386/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-1.jpg)
![1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-2](https://i3.badvin.org/5cee03beef4d095c72e873d0/1G4PW5SK4G4140124-2016-buick-verano-2.jpg)
Body Style | 4DR SDN |
Color | Blue |
Color (Interior) | Grey |
Transmission | Automatic Transmission |
Engine | 2.4L 4CYL GASOLINE FUEL |
Drive | Front Wheel Drive |
Fuel Type | Gasoline |
- BACK-UP CAMERA
- Hidden text
- 5 PASSENGER
- Hidden text
- AIRBAG FRONT LEFT
- Hidden text
- AM/FM/CD
- Hidden text
- CRUISE CONTROL
- Hidden text
- HARD TOP
- Hidden text
- POWER STEERING
- Hidden text
- TRACTION CONTROL
- Hidden text
Model Analytics & Market Report
Depreciation
Year | Average Mileage | Average Price | % Left | % Lost | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2016 MSRP | 0 mi | $25,435 | — | — | 100% | 0% |
→ Visit 2016 BUICK VERANO depreciation page to see full data. |
Price vs Mileage
Mileage | Average Price | Sample Size |
---|---|---|
5,000 mi | $19,988 | 54 sales |
10,000 mi | $20,590 | 136 sales |
15,000 mi | $19,990 | 154 sales |
20,000 mi | $18,998 | 139 sales |
25,000 mi | $18,590 | 166 sales |
30,000 mi | $17,990 | 179 sales |
→ Visit 2016 BUICK VERANO depreciation page to see full data. |
VIN Decoder — 32 records
A TPMS is an electronic system designed to monitor the air pressure inside the pneumatic tires on various types of vehicles. TPMS can be divided into two different types - direct and indirect. Direct TPMS employ pressure sensors on each wheel, either internal or external. The sensors physically measure the tire pressure in each tire and report it to the vehicle's instrument cluster or a corresponding monitor. Indirect TPMS does not use physical pressure sensors but measure air pressures by monitoring individual wheel rotational speeds and other signals available outside of the tire itself.
Engine displacement (in cubic centimeters) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
Engine displacement (in cubic inches) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
Engine displacement (in liters) is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of a reciprocating engine in a single movement from top dead center to bottom dead center.
This is a numerical field to store the number of cylinders in an engine. Common values for passenger cars are 4 or 6.
Fuel Delivery / Fuel Injection Type defines the mechanism through which fuel is delivered to the engine.
Body Class presents the body type based on 49 CFR 565.12(b): "Body type means the general configuration or shape of a vehicle distinguished by such characteristics as the number of doors or windows, cargo-carrying features and the roofline (e.g., sedan, fastback, hatchback)." Definitions are not provided for individual body types in the regulation.
Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) is the maximum operating weight of a vehicle including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers and cargo, but excluding that of the trailers. Per 49 CFR 565.15, Class 1 is further broken down to Class A-D; Class 2 is further broken down to Class E-H. This field captures the lower bound of GVWR range for the vehicle.
Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) is the maximum operating weight of a vehicle including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers and cargo, but excluding that of the trailers. Per 49 CFR 565.15, Class 1 is further broken down to Class A-D; Class 2 is further broken down to Class E-H. This field captures the higher bound of GVWR range for the vehicle.
Per 49 CFR 565, Model means a name that a manufacturer applies to a family of vehicles of the same type, make, line, series and body type.
If the model year (MY) is supplied when the VIN is decoded, such as from a crash report or a vehicle registration record, the MY value will be the supplied MY, even if the MY decoded from the VIN differs from the supplied MY. If the MY is not supplied when the VIN is decoded, the MY value will be decoded from the 10th character in the VIN.
This data element captures the city of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the name of the company that owns the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the country of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This data element captures the State or Province name within the Plant Country of the manufacturing plant where the manufacturer affixes the VIN.
This field captures the location of curtain air bags. Curtain air bags are side air bags that protect the head.
This field captures the location of frontal air bags. Frontal air bags are generally designed to deploy in "moderate to severe" frontal or near-frontal crashes.